Cationic surfactants based on phenylalanine (CnPC3NH3Cl) and tryptophan (CnTC3NH3Cl) were synthesized using renewable raw materials as starting compounds a green synthetic procedure. The synthesis, acid-base equilibrium, aggregation properties, antibacterial activity investigated. Conductivity fluorescence used to establish critical micelle concentrations. Micellization of CnPC3NH3Cl CnTC3NH3Cl...

Coadministration of anticancer drugs and multidrug resistance modulators directed against P-glycoprotein over-expressed in tumors also results in nonspecific blockade of this drug efflux pump in excretory tissues such as the liver and kidneys. These interactions often result in impaired renal and biliary clearance for anticancer agents such as doxorubicin (DOX). In the present investigation, we...

Plants form ethanolamine (Etn) moieties by decarboxylating serine or phosphatidylserine (PtdSer), and use them to make phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, choline, and glycine betaine. Serine decarboxylation is mediated by a serine decarboxylase (SDC) that is unique to plants and has a characteristic N-terminal extension. This extension was shown to have little influence on function ...

levamizole hydrochloride (c11h12 n2 s.hcl) is a drug capable of being rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and is also rapidly eliminated from plasma. it has a modulating effect on the immunesystem, and may be used in treatment of parasitic diseases and infections. because of its toxicity to liver and its rapid clearance from plasma, this drug must be formulated in such a way so as ...

BACKGROUND The nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), indomethacin (Indo), has a large number of divergent biological effects, the molecular mechanism(s) for which have yet to be fully elucidated. Interestingly, Indo is highly amphiphilic and associates strongly with lipid membranes, which influence localization, structure and function of membrane-associating proteins and actively regulat...

Structural transformations of vesicles to micelles that take place during the interaction of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SOS) with individual and mixed vesicles of phosphatidyl choline (PC) and phosphatidic acid (FA), have been studied by monitoring changes in optical density and in the concentration of free SOS monomer in the respective systems. Incorporation of the surfactant monomers (SOS) in th...

The morphologies of three dilute liquid crystalline phases, which are widely used for biological NMR spectroscopy, are investigated by the study of tracer self-diffusion. The aqueous liquid crystalline media investigated include the common phospholipid bicelle medium, a phase consisting of a mixture of pentaethyleneglycol mono dodecyl ether and hexanol, and a medium containing cetylpyridinium b...

A linear increase in cell uptake of nitrogen mustard, methyl-bis(beta-chloroethyl)amine (HN2), between 1 and 5 min, was observed after in vitro incubation of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells at 37 degrees C in phosphate-buffered saline containing HN2 followed by washing in 0 degrees C phosphate-buffered saline. After a second incubation in 37 degrees C phosphate-buffered saline without HN2, the cell...

On the lining of alveolar membrane of the lung presence of surfactant, a surface tension lowering agent which is a phospholipid in nature, is well established. A good correlation exists between pulmonary lecithin, the principle constituent of surfactant system and alveolar stability. The production of surface active material in the type II cells is oxygen dependent and is affected by hypoxia. T...

In the course of a study of the analytical determination of ester groupings in naturally occurring phospholipides, we found that a specimen of beef heart lecithin, prepared according to the method of Pangborn (l), regularly gave ester values considerably below those obtained with egg lecithin. The preparation was presumably pure, since it was colorless, free of amino nitrogen, had a molar N:P r...