A low voltage, two-level-metal, and multi-layer insulator electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWD) platform is presented. Dispensing 300pl droplets from 140nl closed on-chip reservoirs was accomplished with as little as 11.4V solely through EWD forces, and the actuation threshold voltage was 7.2V with a 1Hz voltage switching rate between electrodes. EWD devices were fabricated with a multilayer insul...

Vanadium is an important metal used almost exclusively in ferrous and non-ferrous alloys due to its physicochemical and mechanical properties such as grain refinement, high tensile strength, hardness and fatigue resistance; it has a wide range of uses in the metallurgical and chemical sectors [1–3]. There are mainly three kinds of raw materials, bone coal, vanadium slag and waste vanadium catal...

The processes of creating a superconducting niobium coating on cryogyroscope rotor were considered. conditions for the electrodeposition coatings from molten salt rotors cryogenic gyroscope determined. Niobium obtained electrochemically polished and subsequently protective pentoxide was electroformed. occurring during electrodeposition, electropolishing electrooxidation equipment technology dev...