A bathymetric, polarization lidar system transmitting at 532 nm and using a single photomultiplier tube is employed for applications of shallow water depth measurement. The technique exploits polarization attributes of the probed water body to isolate surface and floor returns, enabling constant fraction detection schemes to determine depth. The minimum resolvable water depth is no longer dicta...

BACKGROUND The coefficient of variation (CV) is defined as the standard deviation (sigma) of the fluorescent intensity of a population of beads or pixels expressed as a proportion or percentage of the mean (mu) intensity (CV = sigma/mu). The field of flow cytometry has used the CV of a population of bead intensities to determine if the flow cytometer is aligned correctly and performing properly...

Automated tracking offers a number of advantages over both manual and photocell tracking methodologies, including increased reliability, validity, and flexibility of application. Despite the advantages that video offers, our experience has been that video systems cannot track a mouse consistently when its coat color is in low contrast with the background. Furthermore, the local lab lighting can...

MARTONYI, B. AND E. S. VALENSTEIN. On drinkometers: problems and an inexpensive photocell solution. PHYSIOL. BEHAV. 7 (6) 913-914, 1971.-Electronic contact switches may interfere with measurements of taste discrimination and also the ability to utilize physiological recording or stimulation techniques simultaneously. An inexpensive and simplyconstructed photocell-drinkometer solution to both th...

Wavelength shifter materials like pTerphenyl and Tetra Phenyl Butadiene (TPB) of thicknesses between 65 and 250 μg/cm have been studied in order to improve the quantum efficiency (QE) of a photomultiplier in the UV range. The best result has been obtained for p-Terphenyl of 100 μg/cm thickness. In this case the quantum efficiency integrated over a broad range of photon energies up to 6.2 eV sho...

An experiment to search for double beta processes in Cd by using cadmium tungstate crystal scintillator enriched in Cd (106CdWO4) in coincidence with the four crystals HPGe detector GeMulti is in progress at the STELLA facility of the Gran Sasso underground laboratory of INFN (Italy). The 106CdWO4 scintillator is viewed by a low-background photomultiplier tube through a lead tungstate crystal l...

We demonstrate a compact system, incorporating a 32-element linear array of ultraviolet (290 nm and 340 nm) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and a multi-anode photomultiplier tube, to the in-flight fluorescence detection of aerosolized particles, here containing the biological molecules tryptophan and NADH. This system illustrates substantial advances in the growth and fabrication of new semiconduc...

Photons participate in most atomic and molecular interactions and changes in life regulation processes. In this respect, the development of photomultiplier tubes (PMT’s) in the early fifties of the last century was a key event in order to detect photons in biological tissue as reported by Colli et al. [1]. This practical discovery of light emission in cells by a highly sophisticated physical me...