We address the dynamics of fundamental and higher-order dark solitons on the intense parabolic background in a planar graded-index waveguide with self-defocusing nonlinearity. It is shown that dark solitons on the parabolic background can propagate stably, and feature the properties similar to dark solitons for standard nonlinear Schrödinger equation. We present an approximate solution for dark...

We formulate the theory describing the evolution and interactions between optical spatial solitons that propagate in opposite directions. We show that coherent collisions between counterpropagating solitons give rise to a new focusing mechanism resulting from the interference between the beams, and that interactions between such solitons are insensitive to the relative phase between the beams.

We predict the formation of optical spatial solitons in photorefractive polymers. The orientational enhancement from the doped chromophores and the dependency of the quantum efficiency of generating mobile holes on the electric field make the polymeric solitons behave differently from other photorefractive solitons.

A bound state of temporal solitons in optical fibers is predicted numerically and demonstrated experimentally. It is appropriately described as a pair of bright solitons, bound together by a dark soliton. This structure exists only in dispersion-managed fiber and is different from bound solitons in fiber lasers.

We study the properties of surface solitons generated at the edge of a semi-infinite photonic lattice in nonlinear quadratic media, namely two-color surface lattice solitons. We analyze the impact of phase mismatch on the existence and stability of nonlinear surface modes and find novel classes of two-color twisted surface solitons, which are stable in a large domain of their existence.

We demonstrate a novel type of stable multicomponent vector solitons consisting of two perpendicular four-wave mixing (FWM) dipole components induced by electromagnetically induced gratings. We analyze the formation and steering of the steady dipole solitons and their dynamical (energy transfer) effects. The dipole-mode solitons of two FWM processes have horizontal and vertical orientations, re...

This letter reports the first experimental observation, to our knowledge, of optical vector solitons composed of two incoherently coupled vortex components. We employ nematic liquid crystal to generate stable vector solitons with counterrotating vortices and hidden vorticity. In contrast, the solitons with explicit vorticity and corotating vortex components show azimuthal splitting.

‎We study curvature properties of four-dimensional Lorentzian manifolds with two-symmetry property‎. ‎We then consider Einstein-like metrics‎, ‎Ricci solitons and homogeneity over these spaces‎‎.

We explored the dimensional equivalence of the product of the plane, area, and volume of a circle as well as frequency (2πrf), or 21.3 πrf, when applied to universal boundaries. When this product was set equal to the equivalent powers of the gravitational constant and the mass, age, and width of the universe a “diffusion” velocity of ~10 m·s was derived which matched the ~7 to 8 min associated ...