DNA sequences from 195 squamate reptiles indicate that mitochondrial gene order is the most reliable phylogenetic character establishing monophyly of acrodont lizards and of the snake families Boidae, Colubridae, and Viperidae. Gene order shows no evidence of evolutionary parallelisms or reversals in these taxa. Derived secondary structures of mitochondrial tRNAs also prove to be useful phyloge...

Abstract Molecular techniques are powerful tools that can address many research problems in insect ecology. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a widely used molecular marker. It easy to use and has favorable biological properties, such as near-neutrality, lack of recombination, clock-like evolutionary rate. However, there some issues involved when using mtDNA data population genetics, species delimit...

This study has been conducted to determine genetic diversity of the common vetch lines and cultivars by using pairwise combinations universal rice primers (URPs). A total number 37 URP marker pairs were tested twenty those provided amplicons in genome. The amplified markers a 83 bands 62 them determined as polymorphic scattered whole average polymorphism rate was calculated 73.5% while informat...

The seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii is a leading aquaculture commodity possessing high economic value that has been used as raw material for various natural products, food, and pharmaceutical industries. main challenge regarding its production, escpecially in Tarakan the supply of superior seeds. Therefore, this study aims to obtain phylogenetic information cultivation performance selected seeds ...

The complete mitochondrial genome of Eleutheronema rhadinum was determined for the first time. E . mitogenome 16,718 bp in length, comprising 13 protein coding genes (PCGs), 2 ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), 22 transfer (tRNAs), 1 control region (CR), and L-strand replication origin (O L ). organization, base composition were similar to other teleosts. An additional non-coding detected HSL cluster, wit...

According to the modern fish system, one species of fourhorn sculpin Triglopsis quadricornis lives in Baltic Sea and Arctic waters. In present study, sculpins from White Seas were studied using different methods: morphological analysis establish patterns seismosensory tomography for study cranial bones, X-ray imaging axial skeleton, as well phylogenetic two mtDNA markers (control region CO1) nD...