We present the latest advances of the multiscale approach to radiation damage caused by irradiation of a tissue with energetic ions and report the most recent advances in the calculations of complex DNA damage and the effects of thermal spikes on biomolecules. The multiscale approach aims to quantify the most important physical, chemical, and biological phenomena taking place during and followi...

Recent advances in electron microscopy and image analysis techniques have resulted in the development of tomography, which makes possible the study of structures neither accessible to X-ray crystallography nor nuclear magnetic resonance. However, the use of tomography to study biological structures, ranging from 100 to 500 nm, requires developments in sample preparation and image analysis. Inde...

This nonexhaustive mini-review reports on the application of eccentric exercise in various rehabilitation populations. The two defining properties of eccentric muscle contractions--a potential for high muscle-force production at an energy cost that is uniquely low--are revisited and formatted as exercise countermeasures to muscle atrophy, weakness, and deficits in physical function. Following a...

* Corresponding author. Abstract – Earth observations are one way to reduce the risk to standing forests from damages caused by wild fires, since they enable early warning systems, preventive actions and faster extinguishing of fires, before they spread out. Another channel through which fire hazard can be reduced is the thinning of the forest, so the risk of a fire occurring becomes partially ...

Collecting behaviour is commonplace in the normal population, but there has been little investigation of its neural basis in humans. The observation that collecting behaviour can assume pathological proportions in patients with certain patterns of brain damage led us to hypothesize that dysfunction in a system encompassing mesial prefrontal cortices accounts for abnormal collecting and may guid...

Hippocampal damage causes profound yet circumscribed memory impairment across diverse stimulus types and testing formats. Here, within a single test format involving a single class of stimuli, we identified different performance errors to better characterize the specifics of the underlying deficit. The task involved study and reconstruction of object arrays across brief retention intervals. The...

A reduction by a factor of 10 in the population-weighted rate of lightning-caused deaths over the last century has been determined in several previous studies. The reasons have been attributed to a number of factors, but none have been quantified in detail with a large dataset. Several thousand lightning-caused deaths, injuries, and reports of property damage in the United States from 1891 to 1...

BACKGROUND Many studies have examined the relationship between long-term radiographic damage and physical function. However, it is not known if short-term radiographic progression is also associated with physical function. AIM To investigate the longitudinal relationship between physical function and both the level of radiographic damage and the radiographic progression rate in patients with ...

BACKGROUND Localized exercises are widely used in rehabilitation processes. The predominant options are exercises with an emphasis on either concentric or eccentric contractions. Eccentric exercises promote greater strength gains compared to classical concentric stimuli, but can cause muscle damage. The aim of present study was to compare strength training composed of 10 sessions with progressi...

OBJECTIVES To study the routine diagnostic procedures used in different countries for chronic toxic encephalopathy (CTE) induced by solvents. METHODS By means of a postal questionnaire selected international experts were asked about the methods they use to diagnose patients suspected of having CTE induced by solvents, the number of patients, entrance criteria, and the results of these diagnos...