Low-energy dipole (LED) excitations in $^{20}\mathrm{O}$ were investigated by variation after $K$ projection of $\mathrm{deformation}\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}(\ensuremath{\beta}$)-constraint antisymmetrized molecular dynamics combined with the generator coordinate method. A low-energy $E1$ mode, which is caused surface neutron oscillation along prolate deformation was obtained as ${1}_{2}^{\...

The term interleukin 1 (IL-1) encompasses macrophage-derived polypeptide factors in man, mouse, and other animals, which stimulate murine thymocyte proliferation (1-3), and in addition activate various target cells involved in chronic inflammation (4-10). The IL-1 produced by the murine macrophage line, P388D1, has a low isoelectric point (pI) and exhibits micro-charge heterogeneity in the rang...

Indinavir (IDV) is a potent and selective human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease inhibitor (PI) widely used in antiretroviral therapy for suppression of HIV, but its effects on the immune system are relatively unknown. Recently, it has been reported that PIs inhibit lymphocyte apoptosis. In the present study we have investigated the effects of ex vivo addition of IDV on lymphocyte...