Broiler carcass skin color is important in the USA and Mexico. Because pigments are expensive, this study evaluated the use of natural and synthetic pigments in broiler diets at commercial levels. In two trials, 280 chicks were randomly distributed (20 birds each) into seven treatments according to the pigment class (natural or synthetic) and the inclusion level (ppm of pigments) of yellow (apo...

Neural retina from 8- to 9-day embryo chickens was grown in long-term cell culture in an experiment to test the hypothesis that one step during the in vitro transdifferentiation of neural retina into pigment cells occurs in response to stimulation of tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle activity. Time-lapse photography showed that pigment-cell formation occurs through the intermediate stages of 'undi...

In recent years strains previously grouped within Cryptococcus neoformans have been divided into two species C. neoformans and C. gattii, with Cryptococcus neoformans comprising serotypes A, D, and AD and C. gattii comprising serotypes B and C. Cryptococcus neoformans have also been subdivided into two varieties C. neoformans var. grubii, serotype A, and C. neoformans var. neoformans, serotype ...

Molecular biological, histological and flicker electroretinographic results have established that mice have two cone photopigments, one peaking near 350 nm (UV-cone pigment) and a second near 510 nm [midwave (M)-cone pigment]. The goal of this investigation was to measure the action spectra and absolute sensitivities of the UV-cone- and M-cone-driven b-wave responses of C57BL/6 mice. To achieve...

The Gauss-peak spectra (GPS) method represents individual pigment spectra as weighted sums of Gaussian functions, and uses these to model absorbance spectra of phytoplankton pigment mixtures. We here present several improvements for this type of methodology, including adaptation to plate reader technology and efficient model fitting by open source software. We use a one-step modeling of both pi...