Males of two closely related, co-occurring species of Lycaena butterflies have dorsally blue (Lycaena heteronea) or red-orange plus ultraviolet (Lycaena rubidus) wings. Males are selectively territorial against conspecific males. Virgin females accept only conspecific males, probably chosen by wing color. Females are nonterritorial and spend most of their adult activity ovipositing on the corre...

ICROSCOPIC observation, as well as solubility tests and studies of the M effects of gene substitutions, have shown that the normal, wild type eye color of Drosophila melafiogaster is due to the presence of two pigments, red and brown. These two pigments are the end products of two largely independent chains of reactions. Recent work on the genetic control of eye color in Drosophila was almost e...

Slow photolysis reactions and the regeneration of the dark pigment constitute the mechanisms of dark adaptation whereby photoreceptor cells restore their sensitivity after bright illumination. We present data on the kinetics of the late stages of the photolysis of the visual pigment in intact rods and red- and green-sensitive cones of the goldfish retina. Measurements were made on single photor...

The nucleotide sequence of the red-sensitive visual pigment gene, R007Af, in the fish Astyanax fasciatus, from the initiation codon to the stop codon of this gene, including introns, is 1,592 bp, making it the shortest visual pigment gene known in vertebrates. Analysis of this and other homologous sequence data suggests that vertebrates initially had two duplicate genes and that each ancestor o...

The rosy gene in Drosophila melanogaster codes for the enzyme xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH). Mutants that have no enzyme activity are characterized by a brownish eye color phenotype reflecting a deficiency in the red eye pigment. Xanthine dehydrogenase is not synthesized in the eye, but rather is transported there. The present report describes the ultrastructural localization of XDH in the Droso...

Color variants of Aureobasiditlm puliulans were isolated from mao terials collected in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Three different types of variants produce colonies that are either yellow, red. or purple. When the variants are either mixed with or grown near many different species of yeasts and other microfungi. the rapidity and intensity with which pigment is produced are m...

Tattoos are common and used extensively as either body art or cosmetic make-up; more rarely, they can be traumatic in nature. We have systemically analysed the literature for the patterns of red pigment tattoo reactions and their treatment options. Our search identified 18 articles; there was 1 non-randomised controlled trial, and the rest were small case studies. In total 139 patients were inc...

This paper reports on progress made to develop methods to accurately estimate pigment content in forest canopies from airborne hyperspectral data. Radiative transfer approaches and red edge optical indices were applied to twelve sites of Acer saccharum M. in the Algoma Region, Ontario (Canada), where field measurements and hyperspectral CASI reflectance data have been collected between 1997 and...

Previously published Photo Quizzes are now featured in a mobile app. Get more information at http:// www.aafp.org/afp/apps. A 14-year-old boy presented with a tender red papule on his finger. He first noticed it two months earlier. It bled several times, especially when rubbed by his baseball mitt. He had no medical problems or allergies, and he was not taking any medications. He had no other s...

The present study investigated the effects of agitation speed, N (200, 500, 600 or 700 rpm), and dissolved oxygen concentration, C (120, >70, 70, 60, 10 or 10%), on red pigment and citrinin production by Monascus purpureus ATCC 36928, cultivated in liquid medium by a batch process. The gas flow rate was the same for all runs with C controlled by means of the incoming gas composition control (ai...