in an electrically anisotropic media, current density  is not aligned with the electric field  and varies with the e-field direction. this can be considered as the spatial aliasing effects aroused by the subsurface structures whose individual dimensions are smaller than the inductive length scale of diffusively propagating em fields. the role of these structures is particularly significant in t...

INTRODUCTION Innovative metal/ceramic composites produced by melt infiltration of innovative ceramic preforms prepared by a freeze casting technique are examined in this study. These composites exhibit a characteristic hierarchical structure: On a mesoscopic length scale, lamellar domains with sizes up to several millimetres are observed (Fig. 1). The aim of the present study is to analyze the ...

Amorphous silica density at ambient pressure is known to depend on thermal history (through the quenching rate) but also, at room temperature, on the maximum pressure applied in the past. Here we show that beyond density, a mechanical loading can endow the structure with an orientational order. Molecular dynamics simulations show evidence that amorphous silica develops a permanent anisotropic s...

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Polycrystalline MgGeO3 post-perovskite was plastically deformed in the diamond anvil cell between 104 and 130 gigapascals confining pressure and ambient temperature. In contrast with phenomenological considerations suggesting (010) as a slip plane, lattice planes near (100) became aligned perpendicular to the compression direction, suggesting that slip on (100) or (110) dominated plastic deform...

The determination of residual or applied stress through X-ray or neutron diffraction is generally regarded as a mature method. Most x-ray diffractometers can be used to perform a measurement of lattice strain vs. tilt angle, which is then converted into stress. The apparent simplicity of the conversion (the sinø law comes to mind) betrays the fact that elastic and plastic anisotropy often cause...

A theory of elastically rigid finite deformation plasticity emphasizing the role of material symmetry is developed. The fields describing lattice rotation, dislocation density, and plastic spin, irrelevant in the case of isotropy, are found to be central to the present framework. A plane strain characteristic theory for anisotropic plasticity is formulated wherein the solutions, as well as the ...

The influence of anisotropic diffusion coefficients on diffusion-controlled high-temperature creep is examined. Anisotropic diffusion affects anisotropy of diffusion-controlled deformation of a single crystal. The shape change of a single crystal by diffusional mass flux is controlled directly by the anisotropy in diffusion coefficients. The rate of shape change of a single crystal by diffusion...

Ultrasonic methodologies of air-coupled guided waves, birefringent shear waves, and nonlinear ultrasound are presented and applied to the characterization of aerospace materials. The guided waves generated by air-coupled ultrasound provide non-contact monitoring of in-plane stiffness anisotropy and high-contrast imaging of defects in a single-sided access configuration. Mapping of local fibre o...

We have studied the residual stresses associated with the PIGMA welding of two right circular beryllium rings. Using spatially resolved neutron diffraction techniques (resolution of 4.5 mm) we have determined residual strains in the beryllium base metal using the interplanar spacings of the (1010) , ) 0 2 11 ( and ) 3 1 10 ( crystallographic planes as a function of axial distance from the weld ...