label switching technology is a flexible and high performance method for forwarding layer three packets that are mapped to layer two flows. each label switch router, lsr, needs a specific label for every flow, where the number of labels depends on the mapping and granularity of flows. data and control driven methods are the most significant and popular methods in label mapping policy. the above...

this paper discussed the discursive strategies in selected political rally campaigns of the 2011 elections in southwestern nigeria with a view to revealing the dynamics of political persuasion and mobilization in contemporary natural political communication in nigeria. the data for the study were obtained from two political rallies in each of the six southwestern states in nigeria, making a tot...

this paper presents a novel control method to improve the efficiency of low-voltage dc-dc converters at light loads. pulse width modulation (pwm) converters have poor efficiencies at light loads, while pulse frequency modulation (pfm) control is more efficient for the same cases. switching losses constitute a major portion of the total power loss at light loads. to decrease the switching losses...

The recent availability of modern big.LITTLE ARM chips featuring heterogeneous processor cores has enabled a practical investigation of the heterogeneous chip concept and its implications for performance and energy. The ODROID XU+E platform produced by Hardkernel integrates hardware power monitors for the individual chip clusters, GPU and Memory. In this paper we investigate the detailed energy...

In this study we investigate the phenomenon of biased listing. Biased listing describes the practice of listing items in search engines or market platforms according to criteria other than the normally expected ones (e.g. relevance or quality). We were able to access real booking data from the hotel distribution platform provider Hotel.de. Hotel.de offers different contract types that have a di...

As the Internet evolves, additional capabilities are required to ensure proper treatment of data [3], voice, video and other delay sensitive traffic [4]. MPLS enhances source routing and allows for certain techniques, used in circuit switching, in IP networks. This permits a scalable approach to handling these diverse transmission requirements. CR-LDP [1] is a simple, scalable, open, nonproprie...

Two phenomena can produce chattering: switching of input control signal and the large amplitude of this switching (switching gain). To remove the switching of input control signal, dynamic sliding mode control (DSMC) is used. In DSMC switching is removed due to the integrator which is placed before the plant. However, in DSMC the augmented system (system plus the integrator) is one dimension bi...