Vegetation and peatland fires cause poor air quality and thousands of premature deaths across densely populated regions in Equatorial Asia. Strong El-Niño and positive Indian Ocean Dipole conditions are associated with an increase in the frequency and intensity of wildfires in Indonesia and Borneo, enhancing population exposure to hazardous concentrations of smoke and air pollutants. Here we in...

China’s urbanization has resulted in significant changes in agricultural land use. However, understanding of the linkages between urbanization and fertilizer use intensity is limited. Using county-level panel data for Henan Province, 1995–2008 and panel econometric models, we investigate the impact of urbanization and other socioeconomic factors on fertilizer use intensity, with a focus on the ...

OBJECTIVES Associations between cardiovascular mortality and air pollution and noise together were investigated. METHODS Data from the ongoing Netherlands Cohort Study on Diet and Cancer (120,852 subjects; follow-up 1987-1996) were used. Cox proportional hazard analyses were conducted for the association between cardiovascular mortality and exposure to black smoke, traffic intensity on the ne...

Contamination of the aquatic environment with various concentrations of pollutants results in unexpected threats to humans and wildlife. The consequences of exposure and metabolism of pollutants/xenobiotics, especially carcinogens and mutagens, can be suitably assessed by investigating severe events, such as DNA damage; for example, DNA adducts and DNA strand breaks. One of the commonly used te...

Using data from 1387 lakes collected over three decades, we found a wide range in the concentrations of total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN) and chlorophyll in Florida lakes, and that edaphic factors as outlined by the USEPA’s Florida Lake Regions were the dominant factor in determining the concentrations of plant nutrients in the state’s lakes. The hypothesis that all eutrophic lakes in ...

Trade expansion along with weaker environmental protection in developing countries has raised concerns that developing countries have specialized in the more polluting and injurious industries. I examine the pollution intensity of the NAFTA-related expansion in US-Mexican bilateral trade in the manufacturing sector using new detailed measures of air, water, metal and toxic pollution intensities...

This paper uses a dynamic CGE model, calibrated to new and detailed Chinese emissions data, to assess two important questions. What can we reasonably expect Chinese emissions trends to look like over the next two decades? Secondly, what would be the appropriate policy interventions to flatten Chinese emissions trajectories and reduce the risk of local, regional, and even global adversity? This ...

The valence state of thallium determines its toxicity, distribution and mobility. Tl(I) can be oxidized to Tl(III) under photoirradiation of the high-pressure mercury arc lamp and solar light. A photooxidation experiment of thallium showed that the photooxidation rate could be affected by the pH of the solution, and the intensity and wavelength of the light source. Lowering the pH and increasin...

This article examines whether there exists any causal relationship between foreign trade and declining pollution in developed countries. In other words, do developed countries outsource their problems to less developed countries rather than solve them? The case study is the Swedish economy and the two environmental indicators employed are energy consumption and CO2 emissions. No causal relation...

Ozone is a non-chlorine bleaching agent that can reduce pollution in the pulp bleaching stage. In this work the ozone bleaching of eucalyptus kraft pulp was performed as part of a kinetics study to explain factors affecting the properties of bleached pulp. The bleaching efficiency was closely related to the rates of mass transfer and self-decomposition, as well as the intensity of ozonation. Fo...