Spinal anesthesia is widely used for many obstetric, gynecological, orthopedic, and urological operations. Subdural hematomas may occur after trauma and are associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Postdural puncture headache (PDPH) is a benign condition and the most frequent complication of spinal anesthesia. The high rate of headache after spinal anesthesia may mask or delay the di...

The common complaint of headache usually has a benign cause, most often a primary headache syndrome. The history and neurologic and general physical examinations usually permit a definitive diagnosis. When in doubt, diagnostic testing is indicated. Certain historical and examination findings increase the likelihood of a secondary headache disorder and the need for diagnostic testing. These incl...

introduction: nausea and vomiting are the most common complications after minor head trauma that increases the risk of intracranial pressure rising. therefore, the present study was aimed to compare the antiemetic effects of metoclopramide and ondansetron in the treatment of post-traumatic nausea and vomiting. methods: the study was a controlled, randomized, double blind clinical trial, which w...

Severe headache during pregnancy can lead to a broad spectrum of differential diagnoses, including pre-eclampsia, migraine, post dural spinal headaches, and intracranial pathology. Herein is described a case of an obstetric patient who was admitted for a repeat Cesarean section. After receiving spinal anesthesia, she developed a sudden, severe headache and subsequently experienced a seizure two...

Meningitis is a rare and potentially serious complication in children with temporal bone fractures. We present an unusual case of 7-year-old girl pneumococcal meningitis complicated by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage following transverse fracture the left bone. She had otorrhea resolved spontaneously early stage hospitalization. At 4 days post-discharge, patient returned headache, fever, neck...

Diagnostic lumbar puncture was performed on 76 neurological inpatients. They were randomly allocated to one of four bed rest positions for four hours following the procedure (supine and horizontal, prone and horizontal, supine with head-down tilt and prone with head-down tilt) after which they were allowed to get up. There was no substantial or significant difference in the incidence of headach...

background invasive aspergillosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in immunosuppressed patients. thisn infection is caused by aspergillus, a hyaline mold, which is the etiologic agent for many different manifestations. patient a 63 year old diabetic housewife woman, living in northern iran, presented with the history of right eye ptosis after a mild head trauma since about 3 weeks ag...

OBJECTIVE To characterize patients with chronic subdural hematoma undergoing surgery and to identify prognostic indicators. METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) undergoing surgical treatment. We analyzed: age, period from trauma to diagnostic imaging, pre and postoperative Glasgow coma scale, type of surgery, associated como...

OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence, characteristics and impact of headache among university students. METHOD The criteria established by the International Headache Society were used to define the primary headache subtypes and the Migraine Disability Assessment Questionnaire (MIDAS), to assess the disability. The students were then grouped into six categories: [1] migraine; [2] probable mig...

myelography is a diagnostic procedure to indicate spinal defects. after the inception of new means of spinal cord imaging, use of myelography has been limited. since there are contraindications for other modalities in some patients, we have to use myelography. the most common complication of myelography is post myelography headache (pmh). many methods have been proposed to alleviate the pain. i...