BACKGROUND The optimal hemoglobin (Hb) threshold at which to initiate red blood cell (RBC) transfusion in patients with acute brain injury is unknown. The aim of this survey was to investigate RBC transfusion practices used with these patients. METHODS We conducted a web-based survey within various societies of critical care medicine for intensive care unit (ICU) physicians who currently mana...

Isolated traumatic pseudoaneurysms of the basilar artery are extremely rare but often fatal resulting in a mortality rate as high as 50%. A 51-year-old man presented with craniofacial injury after blunt trauma. A brain computed tomography (CT) scan showed thick basal subarachnoid hemorrhage associated with multiple craniofacial fractures, while CT angiography revealed contrast extravasation at ...

Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) can be devastating and associated intraparenchymal hematomas significantly increase the likelihood of neurological deficit. We report a case of a patient with an aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage and a brainstem hematoma, but suffering only minimal sensory deficits. Our hypothesis is that the apparent brainstem hematoma was actually subarachnoid blood i...

We report CT findings in seven patients with diffuse cerebral edema and increased attenuation in the basilar cisterns resembling subarachnoid hemorrhage. On the basis of autopsy (three cases) and lumbar puncture (four cases) findings, true subarachnoid hemorrhage was reasonably excluded. Pathophysiologic changes that occur with diffuse cerebral edema are explored, with proposed explanations for...

Sir, The subarachnoid hemorrhage is an important neurological problem which is usually due to the problem of vascular structure. However, there are also other uncommon causes. Gnathostomiasis is a tropical parasitic infection that is common in Southeast Asia. This disease usually causes migratory swelling with eosinophilia. Internal organ involvement is also possible. Focusing on neurognathosto...

We report the finding of multiple cerebral aneurysms in a pair of identical twins. One twin had subarachnoid hemorrhage and intracerebral hematoma; her sister had subarachnoid hemorrhage and intraventricular bleeding. Angiography in both cases showed multiple cerebral aneurysms. It is appropriate to recommend a cerebral angiographic examination of an asymptomatic twin after the other twin has s...

Twenty-six first episodes of subarachnoid hemorrhage occurred among 1,621 Hisayama residents aged greater than or equal to 40 years during the 22-year follow-up of a prospective study. Subarachnoid hemorrhage was confirmed by both clinical and autopsy findings. The average annual incidence (96.1/100,000 population) was 3-13 times higher than any previously reported and steeply increased with ag...

EKG Changes After Spinal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage • Marked morphological electrocardiographical changes occurred in a patient whose subarachnoid hemorrhage originated in the lower spinal canal. Thus, the electrocardiogram can show the changes well known for intracranial subarachnoid hemorrhage even when the source of bleeding is in the lower spinal canal. Additional

SltirgeWeber Disease With Subarachnoid Hemorrhage • A healthy adult with a nevus flammeus presented with a subarachnoid hemorrhage. Cerebral arteriography demonstrated vascular anomalies typical of encephalofacial angiomatosis (Sturge-Weber disease). A review of the literature failed to disclose a welldocumented case of subarachnoid hemorrhage in this condition. Additional

Background: Cerebral vasospasm (CV) can contribute significant morbidity for subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) patients. A key unknown is how CV induction triggered following SAH.