We show that if G is a graph such that every edge is in at least two triangles, then G contains a spanning tree with no vertex of degree 2 (a homeomorphically irreducible spanning tree). This result was originally asked in a question format by Albertson, Berman, Hutchinson, and Thomassen in 1979, and then conjectured to be true by Archdeacon in 2009. MSC2010 : 05C05, 05C75

This paper studies the inter-annual precipitation variations in different regions of East Asia from oceans to interior areas in China during 1979 - 2012. The results computed by Empirical Orthogonal Functions (EOF) demonstrate that the annual precipitation changes are mainly related to the El Niño-Southern Oscillation, East Asian summer monsoon and aerosols. We also found that the increased Sea...

Precipitation is the main source of fresh water in cycle. Climate change, because global warming and consequent change cycle, a security issue. It would significantly influence food security. Disasters such as floods droughts lead to an adverse effect on economy, peace, geo-political situation around world. In present study, precipitation patterns at Gwadar port quantified context climate since...

The EMEP MSC-W Eulerian chemical transport model, and its predictions of deposition of acidifying and eutrophying pollutants over Europe, play a key role in the development of emission control strategies for Europe. It is important that this model is tested against observational data. Here we compare the results of the EMEP model with measured data from 160 sites of the European Union/ICP Fores...

In contrast to other natural disasters, droughts may develop gradually and last for extended periods of time. The World Meteorological Organization advises using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) early identification drought understanding its characteristics over various geographical areas. this study, we use long-term rainfall data from 14 rain gauge stations in Vietnamese Mekong Delt...

The influence of ground clutter contamination on the estimation of polarimetric radar parameters, horizontal reflectivity (Zh), differential reflectivity (Zdr), correlation coefficient (rhy), and differential propagation phase (fdp) was examined. This study aims to derive the critical level of ground clutter contamination for Zh, Zdr, rhy , and fdp at which ground clutter influence exceeds pred...

soil moisture is a determinant factor in most of complex environmental processes and has an important role in agricultural drought occurrence. methods based on remote sensing are preferred to point measurements due to their better spatial and temporal precision. hence, in this research amsr-e surface soil moisture data of aqua satellite have been evaluated and their correlation to five years (2...

Global warming has exacerbated the instability of climate and led to frequent occurrence extreme cold warm events. The complex geography high-latitude region China's monsoon-continental transition zone makes it extremely sensitive response, understanding temperature changes over long periods time is crucial revealing trends in change trends. In this study, we constructed a standardized tree-rin...

Long-distance migrants may be particularly vulnerable to climate change on both wintering and breeding grounds. However, the relative importance of climatic variables at different stages of the annual cycle is poorly understood, even in well-studied Palaearctic migrant species. Using a national dataset spanning 46 years, we investigate the impact of wintering ground precipitation and breeding g...