Vacuum heat treatment creates an oxygen-free environment, thus positively effects the properties of wood compared to traditional treatment. Crude tall oil is a non-biocidal preservative, composed resin and fatty acids improves some such as water uptake decay resistance. In this study, dissolved in ethanol (10% 20%) for impregnation fir poplar samples according full cell method, followed by subj...

As part of the process outlined in Washington's Statewide Strategy to Recover Salmon: Extinction is Not an Option the Washington Departments of Fish and Wildlife, Ecology, and Transportation were charged to develop Aquatic Habitat Guidelines employing an integrated approach to marine, freshwater, and riparian habitat protection and restoration. Guidelines will be issued, as funding allows, in a...

Preservation of sawn timber from rubber trees with a water-soluble mixture boric acid and borax generates large quantity colored wood preservative solutions carries toxic metals, especially boron. To save costs, millers commonly reuse the mixtures in successive preservation cycles but regularly add to maintain boron levels. However, this strategy affects both color economic value treated wood. ...

the current research was planned to investigate the effect of maleic anhydride (man) and glycidyl methacrylate (gma) treatments on morphological and physical properties of the hornbeam wood-styrene composite. test samples were divided according to astm d4446-05 to control and treated with man, st, man/st and man /st/gma. treatment was performed by vacuum- pressure method using a experimental cy...

This paper investigates the potential of clove (Eugenia caryophyllata) essential oil (C-EO) as a wood protection system for use in cultural heritage conservation. The preventive and curative antifungal efficacy C-EO was compared to boron containing preservative (Diffusit S) two laboratory tests on European beech (Fagus sylvatica) Scots pine sapwood (Pinus sylvestris) mini-blocks. Non-sterile, a...