Anthropogenic fluid injections are known to induce earthquakes. The mechanisms involved are poorly understood, and our ability to assess the seismic hazard associated with geothermal energy or unconventional hydrocarbon production remains limited. We directly measure fault slip and seismicity induced by fluid injection into a natural fault. We observe highly dilatant and slow [~4 micrometers pe...

hemicellulose of southern yellow pine wood spices was extracted by pressurized hot water at three different temperatures: 140°c, 155°c and 170°c. compounding with pp (polypropylene) was performed by extrusion after preparing wood flour and sieving to determine its mesh size. the ratio of wood to polymer was 50:50 based on oven-dry weight of wood flour. all extraction treatments and control samp...

INTRODUCTION Underground storage tanks containing hydrocarbonbased fuels are found worldwide. Many of these underground storage tanks are known to have leaks, allowing gasoline, diesel or other fuels to contaminate the surrounding soil. As of 1992, there were two million underground tanks being monitored for leaks and an additional three million not monitored for leaks within the United States ...

tobacco (nicotiana tabacum l.) is an important industrial crop and its seeds contain significant amounts of oil. the extraction of oil components using solvent at high pressure, or supercritical fluid (scf), has received much attention. in the present study, statistical analyses showed that the average extraction yield of seed oil of five tobacco varieties using sfe was 9.33%, which was higher ...

An investigation to optimize the extraction of phenolic acids from black cohosh using a pressurized liquid extractor system was studied with the aim of developing a generalized approach for sample preparation of phenolic compounds from plant matrices. Operating parameters such as solvent composition, solid-to-solvent ratio, temperature, particle size distribution, and number of extraction cycle...

298 Introduction Environmental and biological analyses are especially challenging for the analyst because sample matrices tend to be very complex and the analytes are present at very low levels. Selective and sensitive methods are needed for both sample preparation and analysis. Typically, extraction and clean-up are needed in the sample preparation, and the analyses are performed by chromatogr...

A new methodology has been developed for the determination of secondary alkane sulfonates (SAS), an anionic surfactant, in environmental matrices. Sediment and sludge samples were extracted using pressurized liquid extraction and sonication, whereas wastewater and surface water samples were processed using solid-phase extraction. Extraction recoveries were acceptable for both aqueous (78-120%) ...

Introduction: Mechanical stimulation has an effective role in helping to produce more functional engineered articular cartilage tissue for focal defect repair [1]. It is hypothesized that adding direct pressurized fluid flow to the combination of compression and sliding shear acting on chondrocyteseeded hydrogel constructs can significantly increase collagen production. If so, this “hydromechan...