In the current research with novel first and second differentiations of a yield function, Euler forward along with Euler backward with its consistent elastic-plastic modulus are newly implemented in finite element program in rate-independent plasticity. An elastic-plastic internally pressurized thick walled cylinder is analyzed with four famous criteria including both pressure dependent and ind...

Use of externally pressurized air bearings allows for the design of mechanical systems requiring extreme precision in positioning. One application is the fine control for the positioning of mirrors in large-scale optical telescopes. Other examples come from applications in robotics and computer hard-drive manufacturing. Pressurized bearings maintain a finite separation between mechanical compon...

The Respimat(®) Soft Mist™ Inhaler (SMI) (Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany) was developed in response to the need for a pocket-sized device that can generate a single-breath, inhalable aerosol from a drug solution using a patient-independent, reproducible, and environmentally friendly energy supply. This paper describes the design and evolution of this innovative devi...

The present work aims to introduce a nonlinear control scheme that combines intelligent feedback linearization (FBL) and model predictive (MPC) for pressurized water reactor (PWR). plant is considered in this study described by the first-principles approach, it consists of 38 state variables. First, system identification using dynamic neural network (DNN) structure performed obtain standard aff...

This paper focuses on simulations of enclosed air pocket movements in conjunction with bottom outlet operations. The critical velocity of water for air pocket transport in pipe is the minimal flow velocity for the air pocket start to move downstream. A numerical model is developed to simulate the critical velocity of air pocket transport in pipe flow and to discuss the impacts of tunnel slope, ...

Flashing or thermodynamic breakup of a liquid jet occurs when a pressurized subcooled or saturated liquid is released to a lower pressure, resulting in violent vapor nucleation, expansion, and break up of the liquid phase. Flashing is known to produce very fine droplet atomization, often not possible by traditional mechanical means. In this work, flashing atomization is introduced in a spray bu...

New approaches to extracting natural hydroxyl carbonate apatite from bio waste of bovine bones cortical femur have been developed. To extract pure and natural bio ceramics, three different treatments have been applied: 1-Calcination heat treatment at temperature of 700 , 2-alkaline hydrothermal at temperature of 275 and 3-Pressurized low polarity water at temperature of 250 . Raw bovine bone an...

The study of two-phase fluid flow behavior in hydraulic structures such as pressurized flow tunnels, culverts, sewer pipes, junctions and other similar conduits is of great importance. A two-phase mixture flowing in a pipe can exhibit several interfacial geometries such as bubbles, slugs or films, depending on the fluid and hydrodynamic properties of flow. The main variables, giving rise to a v...