The sequential separation of base and precious metals from the end-of-life mobile phone printed circuit boards (PCBs) is a significant challenge for development recycling process that exhibit material circularity. In this contribution, simple, eco-friendly, efficient leaching developed dissolution copper nickel obsolete PCBs to facilitate isolation gold-rich residue. Chemical pre-treatment down...

An automated system has been developed to visually inspect surface mount devices (SMDs) on printed circuit boards (PCBs). The location of an SMD is recognized from range data detected by the light section method. Since the PCB surface is treated as the base height in a recognition task, its accurate determination is extremely important, especially for reliable inspection of small SMDs such as 1...

An interactive tool for visualizing flow and temperature fields over models of printed circuit boards (PCBs) has been developed using AVS (Application Visualization System from AVS, Inc.). The visualization tool serves as a post-processor to control-volume finite-difference CFD codes used to simulate the convective heat transfer from the electronic devices on the PCB. Using the AVS application ...

Channel routing is a type of problems arising in the detailed routing phase of VLSI physical design automation as well as in the design of printed circuit boards (PCBs). It has been known that channel routing problems can be formulated as constraint programming (CP) problems and thus CP solvers can be used to find solutions. In this article, we present a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) ...