BACKGROUND The additional value of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis in preventing infectious complications after emergency cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis is a much-debated subject in the surgical community. Evidence-based guidelines are lacking, and consequently the use of antibiotic prophylaxis varies greatly among surgeons and hospitals. Recently, high-level evidence became avail...

Methods. This study was performed on a 50-bed intensive care unit of a tertiary care university hospital. Application of a ventilator bundle consisting of semirecumbent positioning, lung protective ventilation in patients with acute lung injury (ALI), ulcer prophylaxis, and deep vein thrombosis prophylaxis (DVTP) was assessed before and after staff training in post-surgical patients requiring m...

STUDY DESIGN Systematic review of the literature and analysis of pooled data. OBJECTIVES To better understand the incidence of thromboembolic disease in postoperative spinal patients, and to establish a starting point for defining appropriate postoperative prophylaxis protocols. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA The risk of thromboembolic disease is well studied for some orthopedic procedures. How...

BACKGROUND Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) has been found to reduce the risk of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, stroke, and stent thrombosis following acute coronary syndrome and percutaneous coronary intervention. However, this therapy has also been shown to increase the risk of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding as high as 2-fold, especially in patients with multiple risk factors. Proton p...

Introduction Targeted routine antenatal anti-D prophylaxis was introduced to the national program in Finland late 2013. The aim of this study assess incidence, time-points, and risk factors for Rhesus D immunization after implementation prophylaxis, all women with antibodies detected 2014–2017. Material methods In a nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study, immunizations were anal...

r c 200 3 u.ac.uk Summary Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is most preventable and unacceptably over 25,000 people die of VTE annually in England. The scale of VTE mortality prompted the UK Department of Health to charge the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) with the task of developing a national guideline for ‘‘reducing the risk of VTE in high risk surgical patients’’. T...

OBJECTIVE We aimed to compare the efficacy of short-term (<24 hours) versus longer-term antibiotic prophylaxis (≥24 hours) in open heart surgery. BACKGROUND The optimal duration of antibiotic prophylaxis for adults undergoing cardiac surgery is unknown and guideline recommendations are inconsistent. METHODS We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and CENTRAL for parallel-group randomized trial...

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) are known collectively as venous thromboembolism (VTE). Venous thromboembolic events are common and potentially life-threatening complications following trauma with an incidence of 5 to 63%. DVT prophylaxis is essential in the management of trauma patients. Currently, the optimal VTE prophylaxis strategy for trauma patients is unknown. Trad...

STUDY DESIGN  Systematic review Study rationale and context:  There is controversy regarding the efficacy and safety of chemical prophylaxis to prevent deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) in elective spinal procedures.Commonly performed elective spine surgeries done through a posterior approach have a very low associated risk of DVT/PE. The lack of consensus is due in part ...

intraventricularhemorrhage (ivh) is one of thecommon morbidities among preterm neonates. in thepresentstudy, we set out to evaluate the efficacy of two prophylactic modalities (ibuprofen and indomethacin prophylaxis) for prevention of ivh in our local setting. a prospective study was carried out in akbar-abadi hospital, tehran-iran (2013-2014). ninety-six preterm neonates who cared in closed in...