While early studies demonstrated a positive association between testosterone and prostate cancer, evidence on the nature of the relationship has evolved with time and newer data. Studies examining links between baseline testosterone levels as well as testosterone therapy and incident prostate cancer, reveal a more complex relationship. Moreover, investigators have reported their initial experie...

CONTEXT Prostate cancer is the most frequent solid genitourinary neoplasm in men. Involvement of several genes has been described in the promotion and progression of prostate carcinoma. OBJECTIVE To study the expression of the oncogenes HER2/neu and BCL2, tumor suppressor gene p53 and the tumor proliferation rate in 150 radical prostatectomy specimens, in order to define their role as prognos...

The following information was prepared and distributed as a handout at the ACLI Medical Section’s June 12, 1993, Tumor Marker Committee meeting in Boca Raton, Florida. The information was subsequently published in the September/October 1993 issue of Lincoln National Reinsurance Medical Resource (R) and is reprinted here with permission from Lincoln National Life Reinsurance Company. (Copyright ...

We consider the inference problem of estimating covariate and genetic effects in a family-based case-control study where families are ascertained on the basis of the number of cases within the family. However, our interest lies not only in estimating the fixed covariate effects but also in estimating the random effects parameters that account for varying correlations among family members. These...

Low risk localised prostate cancer may be able to be observed rather than treated according to the Prostate Cancer Intervention Versus Observation Trial (PIVOT). This review summarises the key issues surrounding the debate in the management of localised prostate cancer, and contextualises the PIVOT's contribution.

Over the last 30 years the death rate from prostatic cancer in Scotland has remained at about 17 per 100,000 in the age group 55-64 years, but at age 65-74 years the rate has increased from 64 in1930-32 to 106 per 100,000 in 1963, and in men aged 85 and over the rate has gone up from 86 to 476 per 100,000 in the same period (Registrar General for Scotland, 1963). This steep rise in mortality in...

Age is often considered an important non-modifiable risk factor for a number of diseases, including prostate cancer. Some prominent risk factors of prostate cancer include familial history, ethnicity and age. In this review, various genetic and physiological characteristics affected due to advancing age will be analysed and correlated with their direct effect on prostate cancer.

Plasma concentrations of testosterone were estimated in normal men, in patients before treatment for prostatic cancer, and in patients who had had various forms of endocrine treatment for prostatic carcinoma. There was no decline in plasma testosterone levels with age. Patients with non-metastatic disease had levels similar to those of normal controls, but in advanced metastatic disease the lev...

Prostate cancer is recognised to be the commonest type of malignancy in the male in many parts of the world. Prostate cancer has a propensity to metastasize to bone, however metastasis to the jaw is uncommon and indeed among metastatic tumours of the jaws which are a rarity, only about 9% originate from a prostatic primary. We report a case of histologically proven metastatic prostate cancer to...

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer death in men worldwide. Most PCa deaths are due to osteoblastic bone metastases. What triggers PCa metastasis to the bone and what causes osteoblastic lesions remain unanswered. A major contributor to PCa metastasis is the host microenvironment. Here, we address how the primary tumor microenvironment influences PCa metastasis via integ...