i ntroduction: deep and long-lasting anesthesia is essential throughout endodontic treatment. this study was conducted to compare the effect of adding fentanyl to epinephrine-containing lidocaine on depth and duration of local anesthesia in painful maxillary molars with irreversible pulpitis (irp). methods and materials: this randomized double-blind, clinical trial with parallel design was cond...

introduction: apart from being one of the main objectives in the educational program, acquiring clinical skills is considered as a principle element of competency in a dentist. the aim of this study was to assess students’ viewpoints regarding the educational quality of clinical skills in different departments of their educational environment. methods: this descriptive cross-sectional study was...

Vital pulp treatment (VPT) is a therapeutic strategy aimed at conservatively managing deep carious lesions and the exposed pulp. VPT has recently expanded through use of hydraulic-calcium-silicate cement (HCSC), cone-beam CT, dental operating microscopy (DOM), as well an improved understanding pulpal repair mechanisms. Consensus documents have concluded that non-selective removal caries not nec...

I read with interest Rabbani et al’s paper entitled “Dental problems in hypophosphatemic rickets, a cross sectional study” in the fourth issue of Iran J Pediatr 2012[1]. Clinical oral manifestations of hypophosphatemic rickets often include premature tooth exfoliation, hypoplastic enamel and dental infections. Apical rarefaction, rickety bone trabeculation and absent or abnormal lamina dura are...