BACKGROUND Amoxicillin is a commonly used antibiotic which has a short half-life in human. The frequent administration of amoxicillin is often required to keep the plasma drug level in an effective range. The short dosing interval of amoxicillin could also cause some side effects and drug resistance, and impair its therapeutic efficacy and patients' compliance. Therefore, a three-pulse release ...

To investigate the effects of pulsatile and continuous pediatric ventricular assist (PVAD) flow and pediatric blood viscoelasticity on hemodynamics in a pediatric aortic graft model. Hemodynamic parameters of pulsatility, along with velocity and wall shear stress (WSS), are analyzed and compared between Newtonian and viscoelastic blood models at a range of physiological pediatric hematocrits us...

The effects of pulsatility in blood flow on endothelium-derived nitric oxide (EDNO) release in the peripheral vasculature were investigated. The basal and flow-stimulated EDNO release were compared between pulsatile and nonpulsatile systemic flows before and after the administration of NO synthase inhibitor N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA). Peripheral vascular resistance (PVR) was significan...

The present study examined the effect of alterations in GnRH signal pattern (pulsatile vs. continuous; pulse frequency) on mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity and whether MAPK plays a role in regulating gonadotrope gene expression. Pituitary MAPK activity was measured by immunoblot, using a phospho-specific MAPK antibody, corrected to the amount of total MAPK per sample. In vivo st...

Pulsatile (burstlike) secretion of renin and aldosterone is positively coupled with a short time lag of about 10 to 20 minutes. We investigated how acute interruption of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis, ie, acute angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition, alters the pattern of renin and aldosterone secretion. Eight healthy men (mean age, 22+/-1 years) were studied while on standardi...

Basal encephalocele is a rare craniofacial anomaly. In the present paper we report a 10-year-old boy presented with cleft palate, congenital nystagmus, and hypertelorism. During preoperative evaluation for cleft palate repair, a pulsatile mass was detected in the pharynx. Magnetic resonance imaging showed sphenoethmoidal type of basal encephalocele and agenesis of corpus callosum. Neurosurgical...

AIMS Aberrant retinal blood flow is a hallmark of various retinopathies and may be a causative factor in the pathology associated with these conditions. We examined the effects of pulsatile flow on bovine retinal endothelial cell (BREC) and bovine retinal pericyte (BRP) apoptosis and proliferation. METHODS AND RESULTS Co-cultured BRECs and BRPs were exposed to low (0.3 mL/min) or high (25 mL/...

The rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) is known to be a major center regulating sympathetic and cardiovascular activities. A possible association between neurovascular compression of the RVLM and essential hypertension has been indicated. The present study was performed to determine the role of angiotensin II (AngII) in the pressor and sympathetic responses to pulsatile compression of the RVL...