OBJECTIVE Women at risk for delayed onset of lactation are often advised to pump their breasts before lactogenesis stage II to hasten the timing of this process. The effectiveness of this clinical practice has not been previously evaluated. This study investigates the effects of breast pumping before the onset of lactation on early milk transfer and subsequent breastfeeding duration among women...

Signal transduction processes involved in blue light-dependent proton pumping were investigated using guard cell protoplasts from Vicia faba.N-[2-(Methylamino)ethyl]-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide, an inhibitor of cyclic AMP- and cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinases, had no effect. 1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine (H-7) and calphostin C, inhibitors of protein kinase C, produced slight i...

We studied the effect of mechanical pumping on the response of peripheral arteries by focusing on the pulse wave velocity (PWV) in large arterial conduit and micro-vessels. The pressure waveforms were measured simultaneously at the brachial artery (BA), radial artery (RA) and finger. Impulse pumping was operated by alternatively adding 80mmHg pressure to the arm of normal subjects (N=10) in 3 s...

We report recent results of the experimental study of capillary turbulence decay on the surface of quantum liquids: normal and superfluid He and liquid hydrogen. In our experiments the turbulent cascade of capillary waves was damped at high frequencies due to viscous dissipation. Turbulent spectrum in high-frequency dissipative region was described by exponential decay function which was in acc...

OBJECTIVE Breast pumping or hand expression may be recommended when newborns latch or suck poorly. A recent trial found worse outcomes among mothers who used a breast pump in the early postpartum period. The objective of this study was to compare bilateral electric breast pumping to hand expression among mothers of healthy term infants feeding poorly at 12-36 h after birth. DESIGN Randomised ...

BACKGROUND The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is widely used for studying small neural circuits underlying behavior. In particular, the rhythmic feeding motions collectively termed pharyngeal pumping are regulated by a nearly autonomous network of 20 neurons of 14 types. Despite much progress achieved through laser ablation, genetics, electrophysiology, and optogenetics, key questions regardin...

[1] 3-D Hydraulic tomography (3-D HT) is a method for aquifer characterization whereby the 3-D spatial distribution of aquifer flow parameters (primarily hydraulic conductivity, K) is estimated by joint inversion of head change data from multiple partially penetrating pumping tests. While performance of 3-D HT has been studied extensively in numerical experiments, few field studies have demonst...

1. Abstract 2. Introduction 3. Relaxation methods 4. Diffusion methods 5. Methods involving magnetization transfer 5.1. Transferred NOE (Tr-NOE) 5.2. Saturation transfer difference and saturation transfer double difference 5.3. NOE pumping 5.4. WaterLOGSY and SALMON 5.5. INPHARMA 5.6. SAR by ILOEs 6. Experiments using fluorinated reporter molecules (FABS, FAXS) 7. Conclusions 8. Acknowledgement...

The effects of the pumping wavelength and their power on the gain flattening of a fiber Raman amplifier (FRA) are investigated. The multi-wavelength pumping scheme is utilized to achieve gain flatness in FRA. It is proposed that gain flatness becomes better with increase in number of pumping wavelengths applied. We have achieved flat gain with 0.27 dB fluctuation in a spectral range of 1475-160...