Self-mutilation is a serious clinical problem. In humans selfmutilation is a characteristic of the Lesch-Nyhan syndrome and the de Lange syndrome. Several common drugs have been reported to produce self-biting in animals. The purpose of this project is to begin to de­ termine whether drug-induced self-biting in animals shares behavioral or biochemical characteristics with self-biting in the Les...

Eight dual-flow continuous-culture fermenters were used in four replicated periods to compare the effects of diet and microbial marker on estimates of N metabolism in continuous culture of ruminal microorganisms. A basal diet was supplemented with urea and tryptone, soybean meal (SBM), lignosulfonate-treated SBM, corn gluten meal, blood meal (BM), hydrolyzed feather meal, fish meal (FM), or mea...

The requirement of many Brucella abortus strains for a PCO2 of approximately 0.03 atmosphere for growth seems to differ both quantitatively and qualitatively from the C02 requirement of other heterotrophic organisms. In some microorganisms, C02 can be replaced by certain tricarboxylic acids (Lwoff and Monod, 1946; Ajl and Werkman, 1948), amino acids (Lyman et al., 1947; Abelson et al., 1952a, b...

Ketogenic diets are high in fat and low in carbohydrates and represent a well-established and effective treatment alternative to anti-epileptic drugs. Ketogenic diets are used for the management of a variety of difficult-to-treat or intractable seizure disorders, especially pediatric refractory epilepsy. However, it has been shown that this dietary therapy can reduce seizures in people of all a...

The anaerobic micrococci described by Foubert and Douglas (1948a) may be divided into 3 groups on the basis of ability to degrade organic compounds: (1) those capable of fermenting only glycine (Douglas, 1951), (2) those able to degrade purines (Whiteley and Douglas, 1951) and many organic acids (Foubert and Douglas, 1948b), and (3) those able to ferment purines and a limited number of amino ac...

The ability to synthesize and salvage purines is crucial for colonization by a variety of human bacterial pathogens. Helicobacter pylori colonizes the gastric epithelium of humans, yet its specific purine requirements are poorly understood, and the transport mechanisms underlying purine uptake remain unknown. Using a fully defined synthetic growth medium, we determined that H. pylori 26695 poss...

Malaria is a critical public health issue in the tropical world, causing extensive morbidity and mortality. Infection by unicellular, obligate intracellular Plasmodium parasites causes malaria. The emergence of resistance to current antimalarial drugs necessitates the development of novel therapeutics. A potential novel drug target is the purine import transporter. Because Plasmodium parasites ...

Experimental systems using non-growing cell of Eremothecium ashbyii to elucidate the mechanism of flavinogenesis were established in this paper. 1. It was found that vacuum infiltration of purines for 2, 3 and 5min and moderate shaking of non-growing cell brought about a good reproducibility of the stimulatory effects on flavinogenesis by purines and furthermore, a higher flavinogenesis. 2. The...

Eremothecium ashbyii is one of a number of organisms which produce considerable amounts of riboflavin, most of which is secreted by the cells into the medium (Guilliermond, 1935). The investigations of Schopfer (1944) and Schopfer and Guilloud (1945) resulted in the development of a synthetic medium for this organism which permitted growth and riboflavin production to occur under chemically def...

BACKGROUND Extracellular purines, in particular adenosine (Ado) and adenosine-triphosphate, are critical immunoregulatory molecules. Expression and activity of purine ecto-enzymes on B cells in neonatal and adult blood may influence their function and has been incompletely characterized. METHODS Mononuclear cells were isolated from human neonatal (cord blood) or adult (peripheral blood) subje...