In this paper, we introduce a mixed finite element method on a staggered mesh for the numerical solution of the steady state Navier-Stokes equations in which the two components of the velocity and the pressure are defined on three different meshes. This method is a conforming quadrilateral Q1 × Q1 − P0 element approximation for the Navier-Stokes equations. First-order error estimates are obtain...

Following T. H. Chan, we consider the problem of approximation of a given rational fraction a/q by sums of several rational fractions a1/q1, . . . , an/qn with smaller denominators. We show that in the special cases of n = 3 and n = 4 and certain admissible ranges for the denominators q1, . . . , qn, one can improve a result of T. H. Chan by using a different approach. 2000 Mathematics Subject ...

We present a first estimate of the cross-section for the exclusive process γ L(Q 2 1)γ ∗ L(Q 2 2) → ρLρL, which will be studied in the future high energy e+e−− linear collider. As a first step, we calculate the Born order approximation of the amplitude for longitudinally polarized virtual photons and mesons, in the kinematical region s ≫ −t, Q1 , Q2. This process is completely calculable in the...

BACKGROUND The small sample volume needed and the prompt availability of results make viscoelastic methods like rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) attractive for monitoring coagulation in small children. However, data on reference ranges for ROTEM parameters in children are scarce. METHODS Four hundred and seven children (ASA I and II) undergoing elective surgery were recruited for this pr...

BACKGROUND Postmenopausal hormone therapy use has been associated with lower colorectal cancer risk in observational studies. However, the role of endogenous sex hormones in colorectal cancer development in postmenopausal women is uncertain. METHODS The relation of colorectal cancer risk with circulating levels of estradiol, estrone, free (bioactive) estradiol, progesterone and sex hormone-bi...

BACKGROUND No well-defined protocols currently exist regarding the optimal rate and duration of normal saline administration to prevent contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) in patients with renal insufficiency. METHODS AND RESULTS Hydration volume ratios (hydration volume/weight; HV/W) were calculated in 1406 patients with renal insufficiency (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eG...

AIMS To examine long-term changes in environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure in British men between 1978 and 2000, using serum cotinine. DESIGN Prospective cohort: British Regional Heart Study. SETTING General practices in 24 towns in England, Wales and Scotland. PARTICIPANTS Non-smoking men: 2125 studied at baseline [questionnaire (Q1): 1978-80, aged 40-59 years], 3046 studied 20 year...