Abstract This article introduces Julius Heise’s Marche Triomphale which reveals a history that was eliminated during the nineteenth century race theory publications. Beginning with an account of Iranians’ encounters European military music, this provides brief Iranian bands in style, or muzikānchiān . It then addresses racial motivations behind short on music 1885 by Victor Advielle, French adm...

Abstract It is supposed to have three art components by giving an Islamic identity: geometric, floral, and calligraphy. Putrajaya created present the city in Malaysia. The are highly applied buildings' motif ornamentations. However, element of calligraphy missing overall features patterns. Therefore, this study aims identify Putrajaya's administrative public buildings. Then, analyze decorative ...

nameh-ye_khosravan is a work of jalal al-din mirza, son of fath ali shah qajar, which was written during the reign of naser al-din shah qajar. in accordance to this era’s way of thinking, the illustrated manuscript of the nameh-ye khosravan is characteristically written in persian script, the arabic words and vocabularies are removed from it and the kings of the pre-islamic era of iran are illu...