Objectives: To establish the in vitro susceptibility of gonococci isolated in the London area to antibiotics in current therapeutic use and to establish a sentinel surveillance system for monitoring trends in antibiotic resistant gonorrhoea in London. Methods: Isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae from consecutive patients attending genitourinary medicine clinics at 10 hospitals in the London area ...

Delafloxacin is an investigational anionic fluoroquinolone antibiotic with broad-spectrum in vitro activity, including activity against Gram-positive organisms, Gram-negative organisms, atypical organisms, and anaerobes. The in vitro activity of delafloxacin and the percent microbiological response in subjects infected with fluoroquinolone-susceptible and nonsusceptible Staphylococcus aureus is...

Aerococcus urinae and Aerococcus sanguinicola are emerging Gram-positive pathogens responsible for urinary tract infections, especially in elderly patients (2). Although they seem to be intrinsically susceptible to fluoroquinolones (3, 8, 10), acquired fluoroquinolone resistance has not been yet reported. Resistance to fluoroquinolones in Gram-positive bacteria is mainly due to point mutations ...

To the Editor: In pneumococci, resistance to fluoroquinolones is associated with chromosomal mutations in the quinolone-resistance–determining regions (QRDR) of type II topoiso-merase enzymes, predominantly gyrA and parC. Several mutations have been described in these enzymes, but only a few have been shown by in vitro studies to confer resistance: S81F or Y, C, or I and E85K in gyrA; E474K in ...

Shigellosis or bacillary dysentery is caused by a group of facultative anaerobic Gram-negative rods of the genus Shigella. Worldwide, about 165 million cases of shigellosis were reported annually (99% occurring in the developing world) with one million associated deaths 1. Approximately 60 per cent of deaths involve children younger than five years 2. Four Shigella species, S. dysenteriae, S. f...

gyrA Mutations in Fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile PCR-027 To the Editor: Clostridium diffi-cile is the most common cause of bacterial diarrhea in hospitalized patients (1). Antimicrobial drug therapy is the most important risk factor associated with the acquistion of C. difficile, and several antimicrobial agents including clindamycin, amoxicillin, and cepha-lo-sporins have been...

*Corresponding author: Mailing address: National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 115-1 Tokura, Kokubunji, Tokyo 185-8511, Japan. Tel: +81-42321-1841, Fax: +81-42-321-1769, E-mail: [email protected] In Japan’s neighbor Taiwan, the occurrence and spread of fluoroquinolone-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis infection in human and pigs ...

1. Pokharel BM, Koirala J, Dahal RK, Mishra SK, Khadga PK, Tuladhar NR. Multidrug-resistant and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)–producing Salmonella enterica (serotypes Typhi and Paratyphi A) from blood isolates in Nepal: surveillance of resistance and a search for newer alternatives. Int J Infect Dis. 2006;10:434–8. DOI: 10.1016/j. ijid.2006.07.001 2. Gröbner S, Linke D, Schütz W, Fladere...

To the Editor: Salmonella enteri-ca serotype Typhi, the causal pathogen for typhoid, is a major public health hazard in many parts of the world, with an estimated 21.6 million cases of typhoid and 217,000 deaths occurring each year (1). Most isolates in South Africa are susceptible to quinolones, and fl uoroquinolones remain the treatment of choice (2). The disease is primarily water or foodbor...

Streptococcus pyogenes, also known as group A Streptococcus (GAS), is one of the top 10 infectious causes of death worldwide. Macrolide and tetracycline resistant GAS has emerged as a major health concern in China coinciding with an ongoing scarlet fever epidemic. Furthermore, increasing rates of fluoroquinolone (FQ) non-susceptibility within GAS from geographical regions outside of China has a...