this paper seeks to understand the role of the cost of pollution from vehicles fuel in feasibility of cng national plan. optimal control theory is used with two target functions, one with and another without the cost of pollution. model results indicate the high importance of pollution cost in the project feasibility, in such a way that without consideration of that the project will be infeasib...

this paper proposes an optimal power flow (opf) algorithm by direct load control (dlc) programs to optimize the operational cost of smart grids considering various scenarios based on different constraints. the cost function includes active power production cost of available power sources and a novel flexible load curtailment cost associated with dlc programs. the load curtailment cost is based ...