We describe a quantitative phase imaging process using an x-ray laboratory-based source with an extremely broad bandwidth spectrum. The thickness of a homogeneous object can be retrieved by using separately spectrally weighted values for the attenuation coefficient and the decrement of the real part of the refractive index. This method is valid for a wide range of object types, including object...

Time-resolved soft x-ray transmission microscopy is applied to image the current-induced resonant dynamics of the magnetic vortex core realized in a micron sized Permalloy disk. The high spatial resolution better than 25 nm enables us to observe the resonant motion of the vortex core. The result also provides the spin polarization of the current to be 0.67+/-0.16 for Permalloy by fitting the ex...

AIM To investigate the technical quality of nonsurgical root canal treatment performed by endodontists in Melbourne, Australia. METHODOLOGY Clinical and radiographic records of 100 sequential nonsurgical patients were obtained from each of six endodontists working in private practice. The following variables were analysed: proximity of root filling to radiographic apex; homogeneity and radiod...

X-ray interferometry for imaging applications is discussed with a review of X-ray interferometric imaging activities reported to date. Phase measurement and phase tomography based on X-ray interferometry are also presented. Finally the advantage of X-ray interferometric imaging in comparison with other phase-sensitive X-ray imaging methods is discussed.

We report on what are believed to be the first full-scale images obtained with the coded aperture concept, which uses conventional x-ray sources without the need to collimate/aperture their output. We discuss the differences in the underpinning physical principles with respect to other methods, and explain why these might lead to a more efficient use of the source. In particular, we discuss how...

Demonstrating the effectiveness of expensive new rheumatoid arthritis (RA) therapeutics is imperative to determine whether the quality of care has improved with the introduction of these agents. Our current RA quality measures are primarily process based, but they must become outcomes based to better demonstrate quality. New RA quality measures must be multidimensional, accounting for all of th...