T cells expressing chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) recognizing CD19 epitopes have produced remarkable anti-tumor effects in patients with B-cell malignancies. However, cancer cells lacking recognized epitopes can emerge, leading to relapse and death. Thus, CAR T cells targeting different epitopes on different antigens could improve immunotherapy. The Lym-1 antibody targets a conformational ep...

Plumbagin is a plant naphtoquinone exerting anti-cancer properties including apoptotic cell death induction and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The aim of this study was to elucidate parameters explaining the differential leukemia cell sensitivity towards this compound. Among several leukemia cell lines, U937 monocytic leukemia cells appeared more sensitive to plumbagin treatment i...

Although coxsackie B viruses (CBVs) are known to cause viremia during acute infection, the role of the blood cells as a target for virus replication is poorly understood. We have analyzed the susceptibility of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), granulocytes, bone marrow (BM) cells, and lymphoid cell lines to coxsackievirus B3 infection. Lymphoid cell lines with B- and T-cell char...

Although it is generally acknowledged that auto-phagy plays an important role in tumorigenesis and therapy, studies of autophagy in different cell types and under different conditions have led to conflicting theories regarding the influence of autophagy on cell death. In the present study, we explored the role of autophagy and its underlying mechanism in the inhibitory effects of arsenic trioxi...

Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF) is an EGF family member expressed by numerous cell types that binds to EGF receptor 1 (HER-1) or 4 (HER-4) inducing mitogenic and/or chemotactic activities. Membrane-bound HB-EGF retains growth activity and adhesion capabilities and the unique property of being the receptor for diphtheria toxin (DT). The interest in studying HB...

In vitro M cell models, consisting of co-cultures of Caco-2 cells and lymphoid cells, were developed and examined to observe bacterial transport. However, under our experimental conditions, the differentiation of Caco-2 cells into M cell-like cells could not be induced efficiently. To obtain a functionally stable M cell model based on human cells, C2BBe1 cells were screened and co-cultured with...

Abstract The development of immunotherapies relies on the use in vitro potency assays—which are key for understanding complex interactions between immune (effector) cells and cancer (target) cells—to evaluate function, specificity, sensitivity a product. A variety assays used to characterize proliferation, cytokine release, cell-mediated cytotoxicity engineered cells, such as chimeric antigen r...

A technique was developed with flow cytometry to quantify the two immediate-early proteins ZEBRA and Rta, which are involved in the activation of Epstein-Barr virus replication. We evaluated four monoclonal antibodies on four cell lines (B95-8, RAJI, Namalwa, and P3HR1) with varying levels of expression of these replication-phase antigens. The Namalwa lymphoma cell line was used as a negative c...

PURPOSE 1-beta-D-Arabinofuranosylcytosine (cytarabine; ara-C) is the most active agent in myeloid leukemia. 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (DAC) is a cytosine analogue that inhibits DNA methylation and also has activity in myeloid leukemia. Therefore, we investigated combining these two drugs in human leukemia cell lines in vitro. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We initially examined the effects of ara-C and DAC...