Absolute calibration of LIDAR Thomson scattering systems on large fusion devices may be achieved using rotational Raman scattering. The choice of calibrating gas molecule presents different options and design trade-offs and is likely to be strongly dependent on the laser wavelength selected. Raman scattering of hydrogenic molecules produces a very broad spectrum, however, with far fewer scatter...

Raman spectroscopy has historically played an important role in the structural characterization of graphitic materials, in particular providing valuable information about defects, stacking of the graphene layers and the finite sizes of the crystallites parallel and perpendicular to the hexagonal axis. Here we review the defect-induced Raman spectra of graphitic materials from both experimental ...

We present temperature measurements made with the RASC Raman lidar. This instrument, which was optimized for tropospheric and stratospheric temperature profiling, allows to the authors' best knowledge temperature measurements by lidar with at date highest accuracy and resolution in this altitude region. The data were measured with the rotational Raman technique with a laser wavelength of 532 nm...

Stimulated Raman backscattering (SRS) has many unwanted effects in megajoule-scale inertially confined fusion (ICF) plasmas. Moreover, attempts to harness SRS to amplify short laser pulses through backward Raman amplification have achieved limited success. In high-temperature fusion plasmas, SRS usually occurs in a kinetic regime where the nonlinear response of the Langmuir wave to the laser dr...

Localized energy exchange and mechanical coupling across a few nm gap at a corrugated graphene-substrate interface remain great challenges to study. In this work, an infrared laser is used to excite an unconstrained epitaxial graphene/SiC interface to induce a local thermal non-equilibrium. The interface behavior is uncovered using a second laser beam for Raman excitation. Using Raman peaks for...

We demonstrate that the second-Stokes output from a diamond Raman laser, pumped by a femtosecond Ti:Sapphire laser, can be used to efficiently excite red-emitting dyes by two-photon excitation at 1,080 nm and beyond. We image HeLa cells expressing red fluorescent protein, as well as dyes such as Texas Red and Mitotracker Red. We demonstrate the potential for simultaneous two-color, two-photon i...

In this report we address the problem of skin fluorescence in feature extraction from Raman spectra of skin lesions. We apply a highly automated neural network method for suppressing skin fluorescence from Raman spectrum of skin lesions before dimension reduction with principal components analysis. By applying the background suppression, the effect of outlier spectrum in the principal component...

In order to investigate the origin of the phase transition observed in NaV2O5, as well as its electronic structure, we have measured Raman intensities as a function of the laser wavelength above and below the phase transition temperature. In the polarized Raman spectra at room temperature we observe resonant enhancement of the 969 cm phonon mode when the laser energy approaches 2.7 eV, presumab...

We present the use of a near-infrared ~IR! laser Raman spectroscopy instrument to measure the concentrations of many important analytes at their clinically relevant levels in the simulated human serum. The Raman signal is generated by a 745 nm diode laser in a disposable waveguide capillary cell that contains a submicroliter sample. The Raman spectrum is acquired from the sample in 10 s. The ma...