In 1984, Shamir [1] introduced the concept of an identity-based cryptosystem. In this system, each user needs to visit a key authentication center (KAC) and identify him self before joining a communication network. Once a user is accepted, the KAC will provide him with a secret key. In this way, if a user wants to communicate with others, he only needs to know the “identity” of his communicatio...

XTR is one of the most efficient public-key cryptosystems that allow us to compress the communication bandwidth of their ciphertext. The compact representation can be achieved by deploying a subgroup Fq2 of extension field Fq6 , so that the compression ratio of XTR cryptosystem is 1/3. On the other hand, Dijk et al. proposed an efficient public-key cryptosystem using a torus over Fq30 whose com...

Throughout the history of cryptography, hundreds of cryptosystems have been developed. The earliest ones, as well as many later ones, relied on the complete secrecy in transferring keys between the sender and recipient. These kinds of systems, called secret key cryptosystem, have just a single key which is used for both encryption and decryption; therefore, these systems are more frequently kno...

Nasoalveolar molding (NAM) can be done effectively to reshape the nasal cartilage and mold the maxillary dentoalveolar arch before surgical cleft lip repair and primary rhinoplasty. Presurgical NAM helps as an adjunct procedure to enhance the esthetic and functional outcome of the surgical procedures. We have developed a modified NAM device to suit to the needs of the patients coming from dista...

Necrotizing Autoimmune Myositis (NAM) is an Acute autoimmune disease of the proximal skeletal muscle. The increased rate of morbidity and mortality in NAM is related to the severety and extant of muscle weakness. Patients with NAM develop antibodies to a specific signal recognition particle (anti-SRP ab). Peripheral neuropathy is extremely rare during the course of the disease. We report the ca...

The need of exchanging messages and images secretly over unsecure networks promoted the creation of cryptosystems to enable receivers to interpret the exchanged information. In this paper, a particular public key cryptosystem called the ElGamal Cryptosystem is presented considered with the help MATLAB Program to be used over Images. Since the ElGamal cryptosystem over a primitive root of a larg...

The asymmetric cryptosystem plays an important role in the cryptology nowadays. It is widely used in the fields of data encryption, digital watermarking, digital signature, secure network protocol, etc. However, with the improvement of computing capability, longer and longer the key length is required to ensure the security of interaction information. To shorten the key length and improve the e...

Akleylek et al. [S. Akleylek, L. Emmungil and U. Nuriyev, Algorithm for peer-to-peer security, journal of Appl. Comput. Math., Vol. 6(2), pp.258-264, 2007.], introduced a modified algorithm with steganographic approach for security in peer-to-peer (P2P) network. In this cryptosystem, Akleylek et al. attempt to increase the security of P2P network by connecting the ElGamal cryptosystem with knap...