W reflection seismology, surface waves or ground roll, are often considered a form of unwanted sourcegenerated noise. Unlike body waves, surface waves propagate exclusively in the lateral direction and are virtually insensitive to structure deeper than one wavelength. For a nominal frequency of 5 Hz and phase velocity of 500 m/s, this means that a surface wave of the Rayleigh or Love type only ...

The inversion of Rayleigh-wave dispersion curves is a classic geophysical inverse problem. We have developed a set of MATLAB codes that performs forward modeling and inversion of Rayleigh-wave phase or group velocity measurements. We describe two different methods of inversion: a perturbational method based on finite elements and a nonperturbational method based on the recently developed Dix-ty...

Void detection is challenging due to the complexity of near-surface materials and the limited resolution of geophysical methods. Although multichannel, high-frequency, surfacewave techniques can provide reliable S-wave velocities in different geological settings, they are not suitable for detecting voids directly based on anomalies of the S-wave velocity because of limitations on the resolution...

We observe that optical activity in light scattering can be probed using types of illuminating light other than single plane (or quasi plane) waves and that this introduces new possibilities for the study of molecules and atoms. We demonstrate this explicitly for natural Rayleigh optical activity which, we suggest, could be exploited as a new form of spectroscopy for chiral molecules through th...

S U M M A R Y We perform a comprehensive analysis of dynamic triggering around the Babaoshan and Huangzhuang-Gaoliying faults near Beijing, China. The triggered earthquakes are identified as impulsive seismic arrivals with clearP and S waves in 5 Hz high-pass-filtered three-component velocity seismograms during the passage of large amplitude body and surface waves of large teleseismic earthquak...

Bulk and Rayleigh (or surface wave) velocities of ultrasonic waves in chromium coatings on steel were measured and an experimental correlation was found between the surface velocity and the hardness. Since qualitative coating evaluation is commonly made using hardnesses as a guideline, the possibility is herewith presented of using the so und velocities of surface ultrasonic waves for this purp...

We have determined the worldwide distribution of group velocity of mantle Rayleigh waves for periods between 100 and 300 sec without assuming any regionalization. Group slowness 11 u(fJ, q,) is expressed by spherical harmonics, and the coefficients, up to angular order 7, have been determined from travel times of Rayleigh waves by a least-squares method. From these, u(fJ, q,) has been synthesiz...

Lamb waves are frequently used in nondestructive evaluation and are proposed for structural health monitoring applications. While many numerical methods to obtain dispersion curves for Lamb waves have been developed and implemented, in general they are time consuming and do not lend themselves to analyses involving the perturbation of parameters such as the small thickness and wave speed change...

An infinite row of periodically spaced, identical rigid circular cylinders is excited by an acoustic line source, which is parallel to the generators of the cylinders. A method for calculating the scattered field accurately and efficiently is presented. When the cylinders are sufficiently close together, Rayleigh–Bloch surface waves, which propagate energy to infinity along the array are excite...

Explicit compact expressions were obtained for the far displacement field of Rayleigh and Love waves generated by force configurations which served to simulate sheartype faults with arbitrary dip and slip. The medium transfer functions for dipolar sources were computed for a Gutenberg fiat continental earth model with 23 layers. These were then used to obtain universal radiation pattern charts ...