Evaluation of thermal stability and runaway behavior of any exothermic chemical system is of great importance for the design and operation of a chemical process. The evaluation process should be based on a thorough investigation of the reaction chemistry including reaction pathways, thermodynamic, and kinetic parameters. When addressing the reactivity hazards of any reacting system, the dominan...

This article presents a vector space formulation for constructing reaction routes (reaction pathways) and Kirchhoff graphs (reaction route graphs) for reaction networks. Specific examples, many coming from fuel-cell electro-chemistry, are included throughout to illustrate the more-general theoretical discussion.

Abstract The oxidation number and of transferred electrons are two paramount parameters in the study redox reactions. Their calculations both important challenging. organic carbons is used chemistry, biochemistry, applied chemistry. Combustion reaction a classical type reaction, which oxygen molecule (O 2 ) oxidizing agent. In this article, integration three sets relations explored by using met...

Redox reaction is an important concept in chemistry, and a well-organized knowledge structure of redox beneficial for learning. This study investigated the regarding from 459 Grade 10 students. The pool 15 concepts was developed by content analysis, questionnaire survey, interview. Six initial competing models with were identified via exploratory factor analysis (EFA) paper-pencil test. Confirm...

We report the first design of a topochemical reaction between two non-identical reactants using a supramolecular chemistry approach. A coassembly of two sugar-based organogelators with complementary reacting motifs, viz. azides and alkynes, undergoes topochemical Huisgen reaction between them.

Kaolin-SO3H nanoparticles were prepared via reaction of kaolin and chlorosulfonic acid and characterized by FT-IR, XRD, FESEM, TEM, XRF, EDS, BET and TGA. The activity of this green catalyst was probed by the synthesis of aryl diazonium salts as the starting reactant and then, their diazo coupling with  2-naphthol to form azo dyes in a solvent-free medium at room temperature...

An organosuperbase (N,N-dimethylbiguanide) immobilized on mesoporous and magnetically separable silica supports, was found for the first time, to act as a highly-stable, scalable and efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the Henry reaction under mild and neutral condition. Several factors such as catalyst amount, solvent and reaction time concerning the reactivity were also discussed. The proced...

Grindstone Chemistry––a greatly evolved version of Toda"s method of grinding solids together for solvent-free chemical reactions––has been described and its usefulness illustrated by the successful application of this technique to a simplified process for conducting the multi-component Biginelli reaction for the synthesis of physiologically active tetrahydropyrimidinones. ! 2004 Published by El...