The aerobic oxidation of alcohols was efficiently completed in high conversion and selectivity using Cu3/2[PMo12O40]/SiO2 as catalyst under mild reaction condition. This reaction provides a new environmentally friendly rout to the conversion of alcoholic function to carbonyl groups.

In this paper the feasibility of NbAl3/Al2O3 nanocomposite formation through mechanochemical reaction between Al and Nb2O5 and the effect of mechanical activation on the kinetic and reaction mechanism were investigated. Structural and phase evolution during mechanical alloying were studied by employing transmission electron microscopy (TEM)...

   Diffusion of nitrogen in plasma nitrided iron and structural evolution during the nitriding process were evaluated by several characterization techniques including optical microscopy (OM), microhardness depth profiling (HDP), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy (GDOES), and secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS). Plasma ni...

The present models and simulation algorithms of intracellular stochastic kinetics are usually based on the premise that diffusion is so fast that the concentrations of all the involved species are homogeneous in space. However, recents experimental measurements of intracellular diffusion constants indicate that the assumption of a homogeneous well-stirred cytosol is not necessarily valid even f...

Although diffusion of new IT in healthcare does not seem to level of, successes are reported frequently. Many of these successful cases experience enthusiastic use of the innovation by a limited group of physicians or other users. This paper explains stranded diffusion by differentiating the match between user and IT s’ to adopter categories (the User-IT-match or USIT-model). This match is desc...

We consider a system of coupled reaction-diffusion equations that models the interaction between multiple types of chemical species, particularly the interaction between one messenger RNA and different types of non-coding microRNAs in biological cells. We construct various modeling systems with different levels of complexity for the reaction, nonlinear diffusion, and coupled reaction and diffus...

This paper presents a quick review of reaction-diffusion systems that self-organize spatio-temporal patterns in chemical and biological systems. A pair of reaction-diffusion equations having activator and inhibitor variables is a typical model of equations describing their pattern formation processes. Some of the reaction-diffusion systems can realize several functions of image processing such ...

This paper presents a shortest path search algorithm using a model of excitable reaction-diffusion dynamics. In our previous work, we have proposed a framework of Digital Reaction-Diffusion System (DRDS)—a model of a discrete-time discrete-space reaction-diffusion system useful for nonlinear signal processing tasks. In this paper, we design a special DRDS, called an “excitable DRDS,” which emul...

The theory of reaction-diffusion waves begins in the 1930s with the works in population dynamics, combustion theory and chemical kinetics. At the present time, it is a well developed area of research which includes qualitative properties of travelling waves for the scalar reaction-diffusion equation and for system of equations, complex nonlinear dynamics, numerous applications in physics, chemi...