ABSTRACT-The species Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande),western flower thrips, is a highly polyphagous pest and an important vector of tospoviruses on several crops and ornamental plants. Western flower thrips has been introduced throughout the world and has been subject to many biological studies including mass rearing. In this survey, seven common mass rearing methods of F. occidentalis we...

In this lesson, students will learn methods for spawning bivalve mollusks (e.g. clams or oysters) using thermal induction. Students will acquire skills in using an ocular micrometer to measure the diameter of bivalve eggs and the length of bivalve larvae. The following lesson plan will have students monitoring the density of larvae in their culture system and understanding production protocols ...

I . Baby pigs were removed from the sow 36-48 h after birth and reared on a diet of reconstituted whole-milk powder until 28 d of age. The whole milk was either mildly or severely heated before spray-drying ; the severe heating completely denatured the whey proteins. 2. When the two milks were given at a high level of intake, either at hourly intervals or twice daily, severe scouring and some d...

severe nervous diseases as epilepsy, insanity, &c. The enervating effects of the climate of India on the European constitution, and the artificial life led by many mothers in this country, too often produces physical incapacity for nursing or induces a condition of mind which ignores the duty. Dr. J. King Chambers gives the warning in his "Manual on iJietin health and disease," that " even devi...

In this lesson, students will acquire skills in using an ocular micrometer to measure the length of bivalve larvae, monitor the density of larvae in their culture system, and understand production protocols used in bivalve hatcheries. This activity will take a period from each class over approximately a two-week period – the time for larvae to develop from egg to metamorphosis (setting). One or...

Beaver have expanded in their native habitats throughout the northern hemisphere in recent decades following reductions in trapping and reintroduction efforts. Beaver have the potential to strongly influence salmon populations in the side channels of large alluvial rivers by building dams that create pond complexes. Pond habitat may improve salmon productivity or the presence of dams may reduce...

High mortality in larvae emerges due to less suitable size and nutritional contents of the feed for larval requirement. Therefore, live management is one successive factors many grouper hatcheries reduce high risk stage provide good value fish. This article reviewed feeding obstacles occurred during within rearing period Buleleng, Bali. The were produced from cross-breeding process between fema...