BACKGROUND Alternation of heart rate between 2 values using a pacemaker generates oscillations in end-tidal CO(2) (et-CO(2)). This study examined (a) whether modulating atrioventricular delay can also do this, and (b) whether more gradual variation of cardiac output can achieve comparable changes in et-CO(2) with less-sudden changes in blood pressure. METHODS AND RESULTS We applied pacemaker ...

In this paper, we established traveling wave solutions of the nonlinear evolution equation. The sine-cosine method was used to construct travelling wave solutions of the Fitzhugh-Nagumo equation and Cahn-Allen equation. Graphical interpretation shows that obtained results include periodic and Soliton wave solutions. It is also shown that for α =−1, solutions of Fitzhugh-Nagumo equation coincide...

We investigate the spectrum of the linear operator coming from the sine-Gordon equation linearized about a travelling kink-wave solution. Using various geometric techniques as well as some elementary methods from ODE theory, we find that the point spectrum of such an operator is purely imaginary provided the wave speed c of the travelling wave is not ±1. We then compute the essential spectrum o...

A listener who recognizes a talker notices characteristic attributes of the talker's speech despite the novelty of each utterance. Accounts of talker perception have often presumed that consistent aspects of an individual's speech, termed indexical properties, are ascribable to a talker's unique anatomy or consistent vocal posture distinct from acoustic correlates of phonetic contrasts. Accordi...

Visual functioning at various retinal illuminance levels is usually measured either by determining grating acuity as a function of light level or by determining how sensitivity to sine-wave gratings changes with retinal illuminance. The former line of research has shown that grating acuity follows a two-branch relationship with retinal illuminance, with the point of discontinuity occurring at t...

37 3.3 Level response functions of medullary units to pure sine wave stimuli and to amplitude modulated water motions. 3.3.1 Input-output functions to pure sine wave stimuli Extracellular recordings were made from 42 single units in 19 goldfish. As already mentioned (see above), many MON units stimulated with pure sine wave water motions phase locked to the CF of the stimulus. In general, in ma...

PURPOSE Recent evidence supports the importance of action potential bursts in physiological neural coding, as well as in pathological epileptogenesis. To better understand the temporal dynamics of neuronal input currents that trigger burst firing, we characterized spectral patterns of stimulation current that generate bursts of action potentials from regularly spiking neocortical neurons in vit...

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to ascertain the kinematic characteristics on a horizontal plane, including knee joint rotation, when walking with a tandem gait on a sine wave walkway. [Subjects and Methods] Eighteen healthy adults were enrolled as subjects in this study. They walked with a tandem gait on a sine wave walkway. A three-dimensional motion analysis system was used to record...

[1] Measurements of ionospheric electron temperature enhanced by the action of a powerful high-frequency radio wave on the F-region at the EISCAT facility near Tromsø, Norway are analyzed to obtain the electron heat source due to the radio wave as a function of transmitter power. The absorption of the wave in the D-region is accounted for and is found to have a significant influence on the F-re...