The counterfeiting and recycling of integrated circuits (ICs) have become major issues in recent years, potentially impacting the security and reliability of electronic systems bound for military, financial, or other critical applications. With identical functionality and packaging, it would be extremely difficult to distinguish recycled ICs from unused ICs. In the existing Ring Oscillator (RO)...

The capture and conversion of anthropogenic CO2 is a paramount challenge for our global ecosystem. An optimal way to cope with the emitted efficiently convert it value-added materials. Whereas nature sequesters by making sugar-based polymers, utilizing make highly demanded synthetic polymers such as polycarbonates great value. present work reports synthesis new supported ionic liquid (IL) funct...

The linearized evaporative light scattering detector (LinELSD) incorporates an inverse power function facilitating the characterization of polymers in solution. To show benefits LinELSD, a versatile liquid chromatograph was built by combining high temperature gel permeation (HT-GPC), fast cooling/heating oven gas (GC), and LinELSD. Apart from main GPC functionality to measure molecular weight d...

In order to develop a polycarbonate (PC)/ acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) product with a high content of recycled PC, a low molecular weight virgin PC was added to recycled PC to minimize batch-to-batch property variations in the compounded product. Six PC/ABS blends were prepared on a twin screw extruder by mixing 50 wt% virgin ABS and 0-25 wt% low molecular weight virgin PC with 25-50 w...

This paper shows that for 24 out of 25 solid waste materials, recycling saves more energy than is generated by incinerating mixed solid waste in an energy-from-waste facility. Recycling conserves energy that would otherwise be expended extracting virgin raw materials from the natural environment and transforming them to produce goods that can also be manufactured from recycled waste materials. ...

Recycled dwarf galaxies can form in the collisional debris of massive galaxies. Theoretical models predict that, contrary to classical galaxies, these recycled galaxies should be free of nonbaryonic dark matter. By analyzing the observed gas kinematics of such recycled galaxies with the help of a numerical model, we demonstrate that they do contain a massive dark component amounting to about tw...

Approximately 75% of textile waste is generated annually worldwide, as there a dearth viable recycling strategies. It has been estimated that industries can be responsible for approximately 20% global water pollution. As consequence, if not properly managed, the cost management will trillions dollars annually. Moreover, wastes are detrimental to environment and public health. On other hand, pos...

Legionella pneumophila is on the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Candidate Contaminant list (CCL) as an important pathogen. It is commonly encountered in recycled water and is typically associated with amoeba, notably Naegleria fowleri (also on the CCL) and Acanthamoeba sp. No legionellosis outbreak has been linked to recycled water and it is important for the industry to ...

abstract background: the aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of conventional slow sand filter with modified filter bed with crushed recycled glass in removing of turbidity and total and fecal coliforms from water resources.   methods: in this study efficiency of conventional slow sand filter and modified filter bed with crushed recycled glass during 4 months was compared and their p...

Current scenarios for the evolution of binaries predict that only 1%or less of the single radio pulsars in the galactic disk have been recycled in a binary. The fraction of such pulsars amongst the detected single radio pulsars is smaller than this. For magnetic field strengths B > 1012 G the period vs. magnetic field diagram shows no evidence for injection of pulsars at P ∼ 0.5 s. For magnetic...