Disinfection by-product (DBP) exposure during pregnancy may be related to reduced fetal growth, but the evidence is inconclusive and improved DBP exposure assessment is required. The authors conducted a nested exposure study on a subset (n=39) of pregnant women in the Born in Bradford cohort to assess validity of TCAA exposure assessment based on tap water sampling and self-reported water-use; ...

The benefits of having a continuous, piped supply of safe drinking water delivered to household premises are widely recognised. Piped supplies on premises not only reduce the time and effort required to collect water, and thereby increase the amount of water available for personal and domestic needs but also are more likely to provide water that meets required standards for drinking water quali...

Although agenda of Water supply in sufficient quantity and standard quality is highlighted in India from last few years. But Yet Performance assessment and Efficiency evaluation of water supply services not in practice. However the analysis is confined to the realm of researchers and policy makers. The present paper spells inclusion of quality parameter in assessment of utilities through fronti...

A study was carried out to determine the effect of water quality on flotation performance. The experimental test work comprised of batch flotation tests using Denver lab cell for a period of 10 minutes. Nine different test runs were carried out in triplicates to ensure reproducibility using different water types from different thickener overflows, return and sewage effluent water (process water...

Comprehensively understanding water consumption behavior is necessary to design efficient and effective water use strategies. Despite global efforts to identify the factors that affect domestic water consumption, those related to domestic water use in rural regions have not been sufficiently studied, particularly in villages that have gained access to improved water supply. To address this gap,...

Financial feasibility of a rural water supply im­ provement is based on the ability of households to pay for it and economic feasibility on willing­ ness to pay, or benefit, compared to costs. A sim­ ple household budgeting methodology is presented which can be used to estimate the abil­ ity to pay of water users for a water supply im­ provement. The contingent valuation method and benefit tran...

In the Mekong Delta (MD) in Vietnam, piped-water supply stations are being intensively built to reach the millennium development goal (MDG) to provide safe and clean drinking water resources to communities. However, studies focusing on the effectiveness of supply stations in reaching these goals are scarce to date. Water samples from 41 water supply stations in the MD were collected between Jun...

pharmaceuticals are considered to be important environmental contaminants. the aim of this study was to evaluate their presence in water intended for public supply to municipally of rio de janeiro, brazil. the regional environmental assessment was done from the analysis of surface water and distribution for the presence of psychiatric drugs. the study reveals the presence of benzodiazepine deri...

The purpose of the present study was the simulation of climate change effects on groundwater resources in Iran by using the dynamic systems approach. The approach was performed through system dynamics modeling process including problem explanation, system description, model development, model testing, and the use of the model for policy analysis. The impact of the application of various exogeno...