Fragile X syndrome (Fra-X) is a common cause of mental retardation that can be associated with partial epilepsy characterized by a variety of electro-clinical features. A wide spectrum of interictal activities are reported, although no data regarding ictal EEG activity have as yet been published. Drug-resistant seizures are uncommon, and the occurrence of clustering seizures or status epileptic...

a third status Editor, As sometimes happens to asthmatic and epileptic patients, every now and then, a well controlled hypertensive patient also enters, for no apparent reason, a refractory hypertensive state that would demand urgent treatment with much higher doses of his usual medications and often with different and more powerful drugs to reverse it. In line with the nomenclature used for th...

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is the most common form of human prion diseases. A 57-year-old woman was transferred to our Department from a local hospital, where she had been treated for two weeks due to consciousness disorders and convulsive epileptic attacks that progressed to refractory status epilepticus. Electroencephalography showed diffuse spike-wave complex discharges and development of non...

Febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome is characterized by super refractory status epilepticus that is resistant to conventional antiepileptic drugs. This case report critically analyses the treatment options adopted in a hospital to manage this syndrome. Despite the aggressive efforts that were taken, the patient succumbed to the complications of the illness and side effects of the treatm...

Primary antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disease defined by vascular thrombosis, pregnancy complications, and persistent antiphospholipid antibodies. Neurological manifestations include stroke, seizures, and chorea among others. Seizures are often precipitated by an acute ischemic event, but occasionally, structural abnormalities are absent. We present a 61-year-old man who deve...

• Improve the recognition, differential diagnosis, and management of seizures occurring in critically ill patients • Understand the pharmacology and application of newer anticonvulsant drugs in the ICU • Recognize and manage status epilepticus • Understand the special diagnostic and management issues of refractory status epilepticus • Improve recognition of patients with acute subarachnoid hemo...

objective absence status epilepticus (ase) is a common form of nonconvulsive status epilepcticus. it is  characterized by loss of consciousness with spike and wave discharges in eeg simultaneously. the most effective treatment of ase is diazepam, either infusion or in divided doses; the former is more expensive since patients must be admitted in an intensive care unit. the aim of this study was...

BACKGROUND About 50% of status epilepticus (SE) patients have no previous history of epilepsy, but often have worse outcome. The aim of this study was to evaluate potential risk factors that are predictive of poor outcome in non-selected de novo status epilepticus patients. METHODS Eighty-three adult status epilepticus patients without a pre-existing history of epilepsy that were admitted to ...