Rate constants have been obtained for the hydrolysis of the trifluoroethyl, phenyl, and p-nitrophenyl esters of 2-aminobenzoic acid at 50 degrees C in H(2)O. The pseudo-first-order rate constants, k(obsd), are pH independent from pH 8 to pH 4 (the pK(a) of the amine group conjugate acid). The 2-aminobenzoate esters hydrolyze with similar rate constants in the pH-independent reactions, and these...

The cytochrome P450-derived epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) have potent effects on renal vascular reactivity and tubular sodium and water transport; however, the role of these eicosanoids in the pathogenesis of hypertension is controversial. The current study examined the hydrolysis of the EETs to the corresponding dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (DHETs) as a mechanism for regulation of EET acti...

The difference in relative rates of hydrolysis of the 1,3and the 2-ester bonds of triglycerides (50-100: 1) catalyzed by pancreatic lipase results in a rapid net hydrolysis of the 1,3-ester bonds at an enzyme level that effects only limited hydrolysis of the 2-ester bond. The net hydrolysis of the 1,3or primary ester bonds proceeds until a steady state has been established between rate of hydro...

The ability of different polyamines to catalyze hydrolysis of phosphodiester linkages in apurinic and apyrimidinic (AP) sites has been investigated in supercoiled, relaxed and denatured DNA, and also in core and chromatosome particles. The rate constants for the hydrolysis in the DNAs have been determined. In general the order of effectiveness of the polyamines were: spermine greater than sperm...

To estimate the proficiency of inorganic pyrophosphatase as a catalyst, (31)P NMR was used to determine rate constants and thermodynamics of activation for the spontaneous hydrolysis of inorganic pyrophosphate (PP(i)) in the presence and absence of Mg(2+) at elevated temperatures. These values were compared with rate constants and activation parameters determined for the reaction catalyzed by E...

Hydrolysis is the most critical stage in high solids Temperature Phased Anaerobic Digestion (TPAD). In this paper two different Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste (OFMSW) types were tested co-digestion with Digested Sludge (DS) at temperatures: 37, 55 and 65 °C. Volatile fatty acids (VFAs), soluble chemical oxygen demand (CODs) Biochemical Methane Production (BMP) measured calculated aft...

1. A study has been made of the equilibrium existing between trypsin and the substances formed in the digestion of proteins which inhibit its action. 2. This substance could not be obtained by the hydrolysis of the proteins by acid or alkali. It is dialyzable. 3. The equilibrium between this substance (inhibitor) and trypsin is found to agree with the equation, trypsin + inhibitor right harpoon...

Effects of thermal transitions (glass transition, crystallization), water, and glycerol on invertase activity in freeze-dried carbohydrate systems were investigated. Efficacy of κ-carrageenan to delay sugar crystallization in freeze-dried carbohydrate systems was also studied. Water sorption properties and glass transition temperatures, Tg, were determined for freeze-dried carbohydrate-sucrose ...