نتایج جستجو برای: relative supersaturation
تعداد نتایج: 390196 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Isolated inner ear decompression sickness (DCS) is recognized in deep diving involving breathing of helium-oxygen mixtures, particularly when breathing gas is switched to a nitrogen-rich mixture during decompression. The biophysical basis for this selective vulnerability of the inner ear to DCS has not been established. A compartmental model of inert gas kinetics in the human inner ear was cons...
The plasma nitriding conditions and processing parameters were controlled to attain the high-density nitrogen ion NH-radical populations form supersaturated layer into AISI420 type martensitic stainless steel mold substrate at 673 K for 14.4 ks 28.8 ks. Thicker nitrided than 80 mm was attained fine machining of optical diffraction elements onto this surface. average hardness in reached 1400 HV....
In situ irradiation experiments in a high resolution electron microscope JEOL-4000EX at room temperature resulted in discovery of the isolated and combined clustering of vacancies and selfinterstitial atoms on {111}and {113}-habit planes both leading to an extended defect formation in Si crystals. The type of the defect is strongly affected by the type of supersaturation of point defects depend...
Aerosol-cloud interactions remain the largest uncertainty in climate projections. Ultrafine aerosol particles smaller than 50 nanometers (UAP<50) can be abundant in the troposphere but are conventionally considered too small to affect cloud formation. Observational evidence and numerical simulations of deep convective clouds (DCCs) over the Amazon show that DCCs forming in a low-aerosol environ...
Soldering is an ancient process, having been developed 5000 years ago. It remains a crucial process with many modern applications. In electronic devices, electric currents pass through solder joints. A new physical phenomenon--the supersaturation of solders under high electric currents--has recently been observed. It involves (1) un-expected supersaturation of the solder matrix phase, and (2) t...
We employ the PhaseChip, a (poly)dimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic device, for statistical studies of protein crystal nucleation. The PhaseChip is designed to decouple nucleation and growth of protein crystals and so improve their yield and quality. Two layers of fluidic channels containing salt reservoirs and nanoliter-sized wells for protein drops in oil are separated by a thin PDMS membra...
We present measurements of the growth of long columnar ice crystals from water vapor over a broad range of temperatures and supersaturation levels in air. Starting with thin, caxis ice needle crystals, we observed their subsequent growth behavior in a vapor diffusion chamber, extracting the initial radial growth velocities of the needles under controlled conditions. Approximating the hexagonal ...
The Kirkendall effect is a consequence of the different diffusivities of atoms in a diffusion couple causing a supersaturation of lattice vacancies. This supersaturation may lead to a condensation of extra vacancies in the form of so-called "Kirkendall voids" close to the interface. On the macroscopic and micrometer scale these Kirkendall voids are generally considered as a nuisance because the...
An ice nucleus counter was developed and constructed to enable investigation of potential ice nucleating materials. The Manchester Ice Nucleus Chamber (MINC) is a concentric-cylinder continuous flow diffusion chamber (CFDC). A full explanation of the MINC instrument is given here, along with first results and a comparison to an established instrument of similar design (Colorado State University...
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