<span lang="EN-US">This study aimed to investigate the use of translated version constructivism multimedia instrument through validity and reliability tests. The contained five constructs which each construct items made 25 in total. translation process has been implemented back-translation by researchers expert translators. validation was performed nine panel experts who are lecturers fie...

aim: patients' satisfaction (ps) is a dominant concept in medical care, due to the gap in the literature on persian version of ps instruments, this study has conducted with aim to analyze the validity and reliability of self-designed najmiyeh inpatient satisfaction questionnaire (nisq). methods: this study was carried out on 247 inpatients that came in najmiyeh subspecialty hospital in tehran (...

background: objective structured clinical examination (osce) is one of the best methods for evaluating the achievement of educational objectives and cognitive, emotional and psycho-motor aspects of medical students. the main purpose of this study was to determine the reliability and validity of osce method in evaluating knowledge and clinical practices of midwifery students in the courses of ph...

background: outstanding leadership is one of the important and vital concepts in management and educational leadership debates especially in educational organizations such as universities. thus, effective educational leadership and adopting an appropriate tool to assess leadership in education are crucial in these institutions. the present study was conducted to develop an instrument for measur...

background: the jefferson scale of attitude toward physician-nurse collaboration (jsapnc) has been used to measure the attitude regarding collaboration between nurses and physicians. the aim of this preliminary study was to test the reliability and validity of an arabic version of the questionnaire and adapt it for use in palestine. methods: forward-backward translation of guidelines provided i...