BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease has become a public health problem worldwide. Its terminal stage requires renal replacement therapy--dialysis or transplantation--for the maintenance of life, resulting in high economic and social costs. Though the number of patients with end-stage renal disease treated by dialysis in Brazil is among the highest in the world, current estimates of incidence and ...

BACKGROUND Exertional heat stroke (EHS) is a life-threatening illness and leads to multi-organ dysfunction including acute kidney injury (AKI). The clinical significance of abnormal electrolytes and renal outcomes in ESH patients has been poorly documented. We aim to exhibit the electrolyte abnormalities, renal outcomes and risk factors of patients with AKI receiving dialysis in EHS. METHODS ...

The prevalence of end-stage renal disease continues to increase, and dialysis is offered to older and more medically complex patients. Pain is problematic in up to one-half of patients receiving dialysis and may result from renal and nonrenal etiologies. Opioids can be prescribed safely, but the patient's renal function must be considered when selecting a drug and when determining the dosage. F...

results there are many pitfalls in diagnosis of utis both with urinalysis and culture methods and also in evaluating the risk factors and causes of utis. conclusions this paper reviews and discusses the common pitfalls in diagnosis and evaluation of utis in children. context urinary tract infections (utis) are among the most common infections in children that affect up to 3% of boys and 8% of g...

we have used recombinant human erythropoietin (r-huepo) in children with chronic renal failure. there was significant improvement in anemia and wellbeing, along with regression of left ventricular mass and no change in the rate of decline of renal function. it is safe and effective in the pre-dialysis as well as the hemodialysis period. considering the benefits of r-huepo, transplantation in ch...

Haemodialysis patients are at risk of poisoning by contaminants in dialysis fluid [1]; they are exposed to large volumes of water every time they dialyse, dialysis membranes offer a less effective barrier than the gastrointestinal tract and their renal failure renders them less able to eliminate toxins. Aluminium remains the classic example of such toxicity. Renal patients are also at risk of e...

The aim of this study was to assess the magnitude of the survival benefit of renal transplantation compared with dialysis in patients selected for transplantation in Scotland. Longitudinal study of survival and mortality risk in all adult patients (1732) listed for a first transplant between January 1, 1989, and December 31, 1989, in Scotland. A time-dependent Cox regression analysis adjusted f...

The majority of patients with chronic renal insufficiency (CRI) have only limited knowledge of their condition. Various studies of the benefits of patient education programmes have shown that educated patients have a reduced incidence of emergency dialysis compared with control patients. Additionally, more educated patients are able to start dialysis as an outpatient rather than in hospital. An...