Renovascular disease remains among the most prevalent and important causes of secondary hypertension and renal dysfunction. Many lesions reduce perfusion pressure including fibromuscular diseases and renal infarction, but most are caused by atherosclerotic disease. Epidemiologic studies establish a strong association between atherosclerotic renal-artery stenosis (ARAS) and cardiovascular risk. ...

Prostaglandins contribute to the regulation of renin synthesis and secretion. We tested the hypothesis that the inducible isoform of prostaglandin G/H synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, contributes to the stimulation of renin synthesis in renovascular hypertension. The expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and renin was investigated in the kidneys of rats with two-kidney, one-clip renovascular hypertension o...

Arterial blood pressure was recorded directly in 11 normotensive subjects, in 11 patients with essential hypertension and in 10 patients with renovascular hypertension. The pressor response to intravenous injections of norepinephrine, tyramine, angiotensin and ephedrine was compared in these three groups. An infusion of angiotensin was then given and the pressor response to injections of norepi...

A 37-year old woman was suspected of having renovascular hypertension because of recent onset severe hypertension (blood pressure 220/135 mmHg; compared to 132/65 mmHg two years earlier) and an abdominal bruit. A captopril renal scan indicated the presence of right renal artery stenosis. Additionally, a captopril plasma renin activity (PRA) provocation test showed a positive result for renovasc...

Persons participating in a 5-day diagnostic protocol were routinely typed for ABO, Rh, MNS, Kell, Kidd, Duffy, P, Haptoglobin, phosphoglucomutase-1 (PGM-1), and acid phosphatase (AcP). The study population was composed of 164 normotensive whites, 34 normotensive blacks, 161 whites and 43 blacks with essential hypertension, and 52 whites with secondary forms of hypertension (18 atherosclerotic r...

INTRODUCTION Ghrelin, an appetite-stimulating hormone secreted by the endocrine cells of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, has recently been shown to affect the function of the cardiovascular system. This study aimed to assess the number and morphology of ghrelin-immunopositive (GhrIP) cells in the gastrointestinal tract of rats at different developmental phases of experimentally evoked renovasc...

BACKGROUND Scarce data exist concerning the long-term effect of percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty (PTRA) enhanced with intravascular gamma brachytherapy (IVBT) in patients with renovascular hypertension. METHODS Seventy one patients aged 52 +/- 8 years with refractory renovascular hypertension were randomized to Group I (PTRA + IVBT) or Group II (PTRA). For the IVBT procedure, the P...

Correlates of peripheral plasma renin activity were studied in 31 normotensive subjects and 93 untreated hypertensive patients. The latter were grouped according to apparent type of hypertension: essential (58), renovascular (21), renal parenchymal disease (11), and primary aldosteronism (3). Plasma renin activity was inversely correlated with total blood and plasma volumes in normal men, men w...

Noninvasive testing for renovascular disease is required to identify patients who may benefit from revascularization procedures without exposing an unnecessary amount of patients to the risks of catheter angiography. All available methods of diagnosing renal artery stenosis have significant limitations. We compared a new technique, contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography, with an estab...

Hypotension and shock are risk factors for death, renal insufficiency, and stroke in preterm neonates. Goal-directed neonatal hemodynamic management lacks end-organ monitoring strategies to assess the adequacy of perfusion. Our aim is to develop a clinically viable, continuous metric of renovascular reactivity to gauge renal perfusion during shock. We present the renovascular reactivity index (...