The low-income housing tax credit (LIHTC) is the largest project-based housing subsidy in the United States. Within the program, private developers receive a subsidy in exchange for constructing apartment units that rent for a predetermined affordable rate. Because the subsidy requires apartment buildings to charge a lower rental rate, the opportunity cost of developing subsidized housing in a ...

Hormone-mediated quiescence involves the maintenance of a decreased inflammatory responsiveness. However, no study has investigated whether labor induction with prostanoids is associated with changes in the levels of maternal serum hormones. The objective of this study was to determine whether labor induction with dinoprostone is associated with changes in maternal serum progesterone, estradiol...

Wirelength estimation is one of the most important Rent’s rule applications. Traditionally, the Rent exponent is extracted using recursive bipartitioning. However, the obtained exponent may not be appropriate for the purpose of wirelength estimation. In this paper, we propose the concepts of partitioning-based Rent exponent and placement-based Rent exponent. The relationship between these two e...

Feature selection is an essential step in data science pipelines to reduce the complexity associated with large datasets. While much research on this topic focuses optimizing predictive performance, few studies investigate stability context of feature process. In study, we present Repeated Elastic Net Technique (RENT) for Selection. RENT uses ensemble generalized linear models elastic net regul...

Rent extraction by public sector workers may be limited by the ability of taxpayers to vote with their feet. But rent extraction may be higher in regions where high amenities mute the migration response. This paper develops a theoretical model that predicts such a link between public sector wage differentials and local amenities, and the predictions are tested by analyzing variation in these di...

E3 colicinogenic cells are immune to colicin E3. A protein called "E3 immunity protein" was previously isolated from E3 colicinogenic cells and shown to prevent the E3-induced in vitro inactivation of ribosomes. We now show that the structural gene for E3 immunity protein resides on the Col E3 plasmid, a plasmid which is present in E3 colicinogenic cells and carries the structural gene for coli...

The establishment of new environmental regulation, such as emissions taxes and tradable pollution permit markets, create rents that can be captured through a process of socially wasteful rent seeking. In this paper, we create a framework that compares social welfare under alternative market-based environmental policy instruments when agents lobby for the contestable rent. We show revenue raisin...

Nowadays, the enterprises outsource components to others, but they have not full control about delivery times, neither about components quality or defined specifications inspection during their production, because they have no remote monitoring or controlling services available in the others shop floor enterprises, even in enterprises of the same group. Moreover, when their shop floor resources...