Formulations of the repellent diethyl methyl benzamide (deet) were evaluated against mosquitoes in field tests conducted in Sisaket Province, northeastern Thailand. Thirty-three percent deet in an applicator stick provided > or = 87.1% protection against primarily Culex vishnui, Cx. gelidus, and Cx. tritaeniorhynchus for up to 5 h, and 50% deet in ethanol provided > or = 93.3% protection agains...

Amphiphilic macromolecules containing a polystyrene-adherent peptide domain and a cell-repellent poly(ethylene glycol) domain were designed, synthesized, and evaluated as a cytophobic surface coating. Such cytophobic, or cell-repellent, coatings are of interest for varied medical and biotechnological applications. The composition of the polystyrene binding peptide domain was identified using an...

The evaluation of nano-particle based products to protect granite surfaces from water income is presented in this paper. Wettability, water absorption, drying behaviour and water vapour transfer were considered as the most relevant parameters for this evaluation. The effect of the application methods on the final performance was also tested. The results allow to consider that nanostructured pro...

To the Editor: Lyme borreliosis is the most common vector-borne disease in Sweden, and as many as 10000 individuals are thought to be affected each year.1 Recent studies have suggested that individual variability in vector attachment may be linked to different body odors.2,3 Other studies suggested that diethyltoluamide is the best repellent against insect vectors and permethrin against ticks, ...

The repellent activity of the essential oil of the catmint plant, Nepeta cataria (Lamiaceae), and the main iridoid compounds (4aS,7S,7aR) and (4aS,7S,7aS)-nepetalactone, was assessed against (i) major Afro-tropical pathogen vector mosquitoes, i.e. the malaria mosquito, Anopheles gambiae s.s. and the Southern house mosquito, Culex quinquefasciatus, using a World Health Organisation (WHO)-approve...

The repellent activity of monoterpenoids viz. eugenol, zimtaldehyde and neem oil against pulse beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) was investigated. Responses varied significantly with compound, dose and exposure time. The tested components showed highest level of repellency against C. maculatus at a dose of 1 μl. Over 80%, Class V, repellency was achieved after 5 to 60 min. treatment with th...

Six controlled-release personal-use topical insect/arthropod repellent formulations of diethylmethylbenzamide (deet) were evaluated in an environmental chamber on volunteers for repellency against the mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Ae. taeniorhynchus under three climatic regimens: basic variable high humidity (tropical environment), basic constant high humidity (forested and wet environment) and ...

The efficacy of repellents against Anopheles darlingi, the main malaria vector in Bolivia, was evaluated. This mosquito has a peak in biting activity early in the evening. Three natural repellents (1 eucalyptus based, 1 neem based, and 1 containing several repellent essential oils) were tested in comparison with 15% deet in human landing catches in Bolivia. The eucalyptus-based repellent contai...

fibers of poplar wood (populus nigra l.) were prepared and oven dried. afterwards, they were acetylated with acetic anhydride without a catalyst. acetylation was carried out for different durations at 120ºc. different weight percentage gains (wpgs) were achieved based on the operating conditions. acetylated fibers were exposed to varying levels of relative humidity to determine equilibrium mois...

In their Research Letter, Ms Stjernberg and Dr Berglund1 documented a repellent effect of garlic against an unnamed species of tick and stated that daily consumption of 1200 mg of garlic was an alternative to “other agents that might have more adverse effects.” Based on the design of their study, any conclusions concerning the relative effectiveness and safety of garlic as a tick repellent are ...