Novel reactive polyols were synthesized via modification of castor oil, a renewable agricultural raw material with epoxy resin and triethylamine as a catalyst. This polyol was used for synthesis of polyurethane coating. Coating formulations were developed by reacting polyol with aromatic adduct, aliphatic adduct and castor oil based adduct in different NCO/OH ratio. All coating composition syst...

This study focuses on the development of a novel two-stage (esterification–transesterification) synthesis biodiesel from used cooking oil (UCO) using ion exchange resins as catalysts. Esterification UCO has been conducted various types resin Purolite D5081, hyper cross-linked resin, showed best catalytic performance among all catalysts investigated, with 92% free fatty acid (FFA) conversion. Th...

The development of a performant aminated catalyst for aldol condensations requires the combined tuning active site, support and solvent system. For this purpose, pyrrolidine group was immobilized on swellable polymer resin. Favorable interactions between water (in its role as solvent) resulted in turnover frequency (TOF) amounting to 3.0 ± 1.5 × 10−3 s−1, despite potential inhibition sites by f...

Candida antarctica Lipase B (CALB) was covalently immobilized onto epoxy-activated macroporous poly(methyl methacrylate) Amberzyme beads (235 microm particle size, 220 A pore size) and nanoparticles (nanoPSG, diameter 68 nm) with a poly(glycidyl methacrylate) outer region. Amberzyme beads allowed CALB loading up to 0.16 g of enzyme per gram of support. IR microspectroscopy generated images of A...

The current work utilizes the ab initio density functional theory (DFT) to develop a molecular level of the mechanistic understanding on the phenol alkylation in the presence of a cation-exchange resin catalyst, Amberlyst-15. The catalyst is modeled with the benzene sulfonic acid, and the effect of this acid on olefins such as isopropene (i-Pr) and tributene (t-Bu) in a phenol solution mimics t...

Furfurylation of wood is of interest worldwide as an environmentally friendly modification process. It is widely assumed that low-molecular weight furfuryl alcohol (FA) can penetrate into wood cells and polymerize in-situ during the process, resulting in substantial improvement in the physical-mechanical properties and durability of wood. In this study, confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM)...

[reaction: see text] Flexible and versatile methods have been developed for the immobilization of chiral pyridinebis(oxazoline) ligands by covalent bonding to a solid support, either by grafting or by polymerization. Different spacers can easily be introduced to modulate the support-ligand distance and the electronic properties of the chiral ligand. As an example, 2,6-bis[(S)-4-isopropyloxazoli...

Underfill encapsulant is critical to the reliability of the flip-chip solder joint interconnects. Novel no-flow underfill encapsulant is an attractive flip-chip encapsulant due to the simplification of the no-flow underfilling process. To develop the no-flow underfill material suitable for the no-flow underfilling process of flip-chip solder joint interconnects, we have studied and developed a ...

A novel hierarchical nanotemplated carbon monolithic rod (NTCM) was prepared using a novel facile nanotemplating approach. The NTCM was obtained using C60-fullerene modified silica gels as hard templates, which were embedded in a phenolic resin containing a metal catalyst for localized graphitization, followed by bulk carbonization, and template and catalyst removal. TEM, SEM, and BET measureme...

This work involves the development of a novel siliconized epoxy interpenetrating coating system using epoxy resin as base, hydroxylterminated polydimethylsiloxane (HTPDMS) as modifier, -aminopropyltriethoxysilane ( -APS) as crosslinking agent and dibutyltindilaurate (DBTDL) as catalyst. Polyamidoamine and aromatic polyamine adduct were used as curing agents for the above coating systems. The th...