Background: Clarithromycin resistance in Helicbacter pylori has been found to be associated with point mutations in 23s rRNA gene leads to reduced affinity of the antibiotic to its ribosomal target or changing the site of methylation. The aim of this study was to determine the most important point mutations in 23s rRNA gene in H. pylori that are closely related to clarith-romycin resistance amo...

staphylococcus aureus is a hazard to human health since they can cause a wide variety of hospital-associated infections ranging from minor skin infections to post-operative wound infections and food poisoning which produces many different virulence factors, including enterotoxins (ses). although  studies  have  been  done  regarding  the difference  between  virulence  factors  of  sensitive st...

a stable agrobacterium-mediated transformation system was established using bialaphos as the selective agent in soybeans [glycine max (l.) merr.]. the cotyledonary node explants of the soybean cultivar ‘ny-1001’ were inoculated with the agrobacterium tumefaciens strain eha105, harboring the vector pcambia3301 containing the gus gene as the reporter gene and the bar gene conferring bialaphos res...

An earlier identified major quantitative trait locus for resistance towards the willow leaf rust fungus Melampsora larici-epitea in a Salix viminalis x (S. viminalis × S. schwerinii) population was used to identify potential resistance genes to the rust pathogen. Screening a genomic bacterial artificial chromosome library with markers from the peak position of the QTL region revealed one gene w...

This paper proposes an application of Differential Evolution (DE) to Reactive Power Planning (RPP) problem. Simulation results, compared with those obtained by using the Real coded Genetic Algorithm (RGA) and Evolutionary Programming (EP) are presented to show that the present method is better for power system planning. In the case of optimization of non-continuous and nonsmooth function, DE gi...

Improving ATC is important in the current deregulated environment of power systems. In this paper, ATC is computed using Continuous Power Flow (CPF) method considering line thermal limit and bus voltage limits. Flexible Alternating Current Transmission system (FACTS) can control magnitude of voltage, phase angle and circuit reactance and the load flow may be re-distributed to regulate bus volta...

background: in order to deworm the ruminants especially of sheep in iran, consumption of benzimi­dazoles has more than 2 decades history and today farmers are using imidazothiazoles, macrocyclic lactones and mostly benzimidazole compounds (bzs) to treat infected farm animals. it has been demonstrated that the most common molecular mechanism leading to bzsresistance in haemonchus contortus is a ...

conclusions antibiotic resistance gene cassettes may be carried on integron or other genetic elements. the purpose of this study was to detect integron or genomic islands involved in antibiotic resistance profile of the isolates of h. influenzae collected in this study. results of the twenty isolates, all (100%) were resistant to clindamycin, chloramphenicol and tetracycline, 95% to amoxicillin...